1. 8 th Grade Science 10/28/2014 Essential Question: How does carbon dioxide emission affect global warming? Objectives – I can… explain what the green house effect is and how it causes global warming Bell Ringer – Take out your bell ringer paper for week 11. Copy the prompt down and answer it in a complete sentence. Write at least three questions about the diagram/picture.

2. Agenda for today: 1.Complete presentations 2.4th – 7 th periods ONLY 1.Grade quizzes 3.Start notes on the Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming

3. The Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming 8 th Grade Science

4. What is global warming?

5. How Global Warming Works Fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas) Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 )

6. The Sun’s energy passes through the car’s windshield. This energy (heat) is trapped inside the car and cannot pass back through the windshield, causing the inside of the car to warm up. Example of the Greenhouse Effect

7. What’s the difference between “global warming” and “climate change”?

8. Difference GLOBAL WARMING is the increase of the Earth’s average surface temperature due to a build-up of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. CLIMATE CHANGE is a broader term that refers to long-term changes in climate, including average temperature and precipitation.

9. Effects of Global Warming Increased Temperature Habitat Damage and Species Affected Changes in Water Supply Rising Sea Level

10. What’s the proof that global warming is taking place?

11. Portage Glacier 19142004 Alaska Photos: NOAA Photo Collection and Gary Braasch – WorldViewOfGlobalWarming.org

12. Colorado River Arizona June 2002Dec 2003

13. Why is global warming happening?

14. Burning of Fossil Fuels Pollution from coal, natural gas, and oil

15. When did global warming start?

16. Global Atmospheric Concentration of CO 2

17. What is carbon dioxide and how is it discovered? Joseph Black, a Scottish chemist and physician, first identified carbon dioxide in the 1750s. At room temperatures (20-25 o C), carbon dioxide is an odourless, colorless gas, which is faintly acidic and non- flammable. Carbon dioxide is a molecule with the molecular formula CO 2. The linear molecule consists of a carbon atom that is doubly bonded to two oxygen atoms, O=C=O.carbon atomoxygen atoms

18. Applications of carbon dioxide by humans Humans use carbon dioxide in many different ways. The most familiar example is its use in soft drinks and rootbeer, to make them fizzy. Carbon dioxide released by baking powder or yeast makes cake batter rise. Some fire extinguishers use carbon dioxide because it is denser than air. Carbon dioxide can blanket a fire, because of its heaviness.

19. The part carbon dioxide plays in environmental processes Carbon dioxide plays an important part in vital plant and animal process, such as photosynthesis and respiration.

20. Environmental problems - the greenhouse effect Greenhouse gasses absorb some of the heat and trap it near the earth's surface, so that the earth is warmed up. This process, commonly known as the greenhouse effect. greenhouse effect The amount of heat in the troposphere depends on concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gasses and the amount of time these gasses remain in the atmosphere. The most important greenhouse gasses are carbon dioxide, CFC's (Chlor-Fluoro-Carbons), nitrogen oxides and methane.

21. Carbon dioxide and health The primary health dangers of carbon dioxide are: - Asphyxiation. Caused by the release of carbon dioxide in a confined or unventilated area. This can lower the concentration of oxygen to a level that is immediately dangerous for human health. - Frostbite. Solid carbon dioxide is always below -78 o C at regular atmospheric pressure, regardless of the air temperature. Handling this material for more than a second or two without proper protection can cause serious blisters, and other unwanted effects. Carbon dioxide gas released from a steel cylinder, such as a fire extinguisher, causes similar effects. - Kidney damage or coma. This is caused by a disturbance in chemical equilibrium of the carbonate buffer. When carbon dioxide concentrations increase or decrease, causing the equilibrium to be disturbed, a life threatening situation may occur.

22. How is global warming measured?

23. Ice Core Data CO 2 Measurements Before 1958 - Antarctica

24. CO 2 Atmospheric Measurements CO 2 Measurements Since 1958 – Mauna Loa, Hawaii

25. Temperature (Northern Hemisphere) CO 2 Concentrations 1000 Years of CO 2 and Global Warming Degree Celsius Increase Parts Per Million Year 100012001400160018002000 100012001400160018002000

26. Global Warming: Shifting Gears

27. 2007 Goal: Reductions in CO 2 Per Year Billions of Metric Tons Carbon

28. 2007 Reductions in CO 2 Per Year Gigaton Carbon Produce electricity efficiently Use electricity efficiently Vehicle efficiency Solar and Wind Power Biofuels Carbon capture and storage Billions of Metric Tons Carbon Our Goal

29. What’s being done now to reduce our emissions? Solar PowerWind PowerFuel-Efficiency

30. We can stop global warming!

31. What can you do to help solve the problem?

32. Simple Things To Do Turn off your computer or the TV when you’re not using it. Take shorter showers. Heating water uses energy. Keep rooms cool by closing the blinds, shades, or curtains. Turn off the lights when you leave a room. Use compact fluorescent bulbs.

33. Be Bulb Smart—Use CFLs Incandescent Compact Fluorescent 500 lbs. of coal What’s the difference? 1,430 lbs. CO 2 pollution avoided $30 saved

34. Simple Things To Do Dress lightly when it’s hot instead of turning up the air conditioning. Or use a fan. Dress warmly when it’s cold instead of turning up the heat. Offer to help your parents keep the air filters on your AC and furnace clean. Walk short distances instead of asking for a ride in the car. Plant a tree. Recycle.