Chelsea Fredrickson and Jordyn Hahn The Body Chelsea Fredrickson and Jordyn Hahn

Stem Cells Stem cells are cells that have potential to develop into many different types of cells in the body. They serve as a repair system for the body. Two main types of stem cells: embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells.

The Body’s Hierarchy

Organ Systems Reproductive System Urinary System Nervous System Muscular System Respiratory System Skeletal System Lymphatic System Integumentary System Digestive System Endocrine System Cardiovascular System

Reproductive System Production and delivery of sex hormones and transportations of sex cells and development of the fetus Relationships with other systems: Reproductive hormones affect brain development Reproductive hormones affect overall body development Sexual arousal affects the urinary and respiratory system

Urinary System Basic function is to excrete nitrogenous waste from the body, adjusting the chemical balance of body fluids, and maintaining blood volume Relationships with other systems: Affects the skeletal, muscular, nervous, and endocrine system by maintaining chemical balance and secreting hormones Affects the circulatory system because kidneys affect blood pressure more than any other organ, besides the heart

Nervous System Basic function is to interpret environmental cues and integrate information Relationships with other systems: Affects the circulatory system by regulating the heartbeat Affects the integumentary, skeletal, and muscular system by stimulation Affects all systems by regulating specific functions within each

Muscular System Basic function is to move muscles and generate heat Relationships with other systems: Affects the skeletal, respiratory, urinary, digestive, and reproductive system by muscle contraction Affects the circulatory system because muscle contractions affect the blood flow in the veins Affects the lymphatic system because exercise elevates levels of immune cells and antibodies

Respiratory Systems Basic function is to exchange the gases between blood and the air Relationships with other systems: Respiratory disorders can affect the integumentary, skeletal, and muscular systems Affects the endocrine and nervous system by maintaining PH balance and producing enzymes Valsalva maneuver affects the reproductive, digestive, and urinary system by aiding in movement Affects the circulatory system by returning blood to the veins

Skeletal System Basic function is to support the body, protect organs, and produce blood Relationships with other systems: Affects the reproductive, urinary, respiratory, endocrine, and nervous system by protecting vital organs essential to the basic function of the systems Affects the muscular and integumentary system by providing attachment sites Affects the circulatory and lymphatic system by producing white and red blood cells from the bone marrow

Lymphatic System Basic function is to produce the cells that make up the immune system Relationships with other systems: Affects all other 10 systems by providing various immune cells within all

Integumentary System Basic function is to protect the body, prevent it from drying out, and produce vitamin D through the skin Relationships with other systems: Affects the skeletal, muscular, nervous, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and endocrine because it provides calcium needed to perform various functions Affects the circulatory system by providing a reservoir for blood Affects the lymphatic system because it can change cells within the skin to alert the immune system Affects the reproductive system because various glands secrete pheromones and milk via the mammary glands

Digestive System Basic function is to provide nutrients and water to the body Relationships to other systems: Affects skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, reproductive, urinary, and circulatory by providing essential vitamins and hormones Affects the urinary system by complimenting the kidneys in water and electrolyte reabsorption

Endocrine System Basic function is to produce hormones Relationships with other systems: Affects all other body systems because the hormones produced affect the development and metabolism of most tissues

Cardiovascular System Basic function is to transport oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other materials throughout the body Relationships with other systems: Affects all systems by providing a system to deliver vital nutrients

Conclusion Stem cells create the tissues and organs that make up all of the body systems All the body systems are interrelated