1. Intro to Anatomy and Physiology

2. Anatomy and Physiology
Anatomy- the science of structure and location and the relationship among the structures
Physiology- the science of body functions and metabolism
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION ARE DEPENDENT ON EACH OTHER

3. Anatomy—Levels of Study
Gross anatomy
Large structures
Easily observable
Microscopic Anatomy
Very small structures
Can only be viewed with a microscope
Figure 14.1

4. Levels of Structural Organization
Smooth muscle cell
Molecules
Atoms
Smooth muscle tissue
Epithelial tissue
Connective tissue
Blood vessel (organ)
Cardio- vascular system
Cellular level Cells are made up of molecules
Tissue level Tissues consist of similar types of cells
Organ level Organs are made up of different types of tissues
Organ system level Organ systems consist of different organs that work together closely
Organismal level Human organisms are made up of many organ systems
Chemical level Atoms combine to form molecules
Figure 1.1,

5. Tissues A group of interrelated cells that function together and perform specialized activities
4 Types of Tissue in the body -Epithelial -Connective (loose,dense,cartilage,bone and blood) -Muscle -Nervous

6. Organ System Overview 1. Integumentary
Forms the external body covering
Protects deeper tissue from injury
Helps regulate body temperature
Sensory organ
Synthesizes Vitamin D
Figure 1.2a

7. Organ System Overview 2. Skeletal Protects and supports body organs
Provides muscle attachment for movement
Site of blood cell formation
Stores minerals
Figure 1.2b

8. Organ System Overview 3. Muscular Produces movement Maintains posture
Produces heat
Figure 1.2c

9. Organ System Overview 4. Nervous Fast-acting control system
Responds to internal and external change
Activates muscles and glands
Figure 1.2d

10. Organ System Overview 5. Endocrine
Secretes regulatory hormones for homeostasis
Growth
Reproduction
Metabolism
Figure 1.2e

11. Organ System Overview 6. Cardiovascular
Transports materials in body via blood pumped by heart
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Nutrients
Wastes
Figure 1.2f

12. Organ System Overview 7. Lymphatic Returns fluids to blood vessels
Cleanses the blood
Involved in immunity
Figure 1.2g

13. Organ System Overview 8. Respiratory Keeps blood supplied with oxygen
Removes carbon dioxide
Figure 1.2h

14. Organ System Overview 9. Digestive Breaks down food
Allows for nutrient absorption into blood
Eliminates indigestible material
Figure 1.2i

15. Organ System Overview 10. Urinary Eliminates nitrogenous wastes
Maintains acid-base balance
Regulates water and electrolytes
Figure 1.2j

16. Organ System Overview 11. Reproductive Produces offspring
Figure 1.2k–l