Naming Binary Compounds

CHEMICAL FORMULAS Chemical Formula- represents a compound which includes the symbols and numbers of atoms Chemical Formula- represents a compound which includes the symbols and numbers of atoms Subscript : a number in a chemical formula that shows the number of a type of atom Subscript : a number in a chemical formula that shows the number of a type of atom i. e. H 2 0 i. e. H 2 0

BINARY COMPOUNDS “Binary” means only 2 elements “Binary” means only 2 elements

Ions Cations Cations Positively Charged Atoms i.e.Na + i.e.Na + Anions Anions Negatively Charged Atoms i.e.Cl - i.e.Cl -

IONIC CHARGES Group I >1+ Group I >1+ Group II > 2+ Group II > 2+ Group III > 3+ Group III > 3+ Group IV > 4+ Group IV > 4+

IONIC CHARGES Group V >3- Group V >3- Group VI >2- Group VI >2- Group VII >1- Group VII >1- Group VIII >Noble Gases Group VIII >Noble Gases

Ionic Compounds Ionic Compounds composed of positive and composed of positive and negative ions. negative ions. usually formed from a metal and non-metal. usually formed from a metal and non-metal. these elements are not attached these elements are not attached to one another. to one another.

Examples of Ionic Compounds Examples of Ionic CompoundsNaCl CaBr 2 KI

A formula needs to be written in the lowest whole number ratio. A formula needs to be written in the lowest whole number ratio. i.e. Na 2 Cl 2 > NaCl i.e. Na 2 Cl 2 > NaCl FOR IONIC BONDS:

Covalent Compounds Covalent Compounds Covalent Compounds molecules in which elements share electrons. molecules in which elements share electrons. usually composed of 2 nonmetals. usually composed of 2 nonmetals. these elements are attached these elements are attached

TYPES OF COMPOUNDS Covalent Compounds Covalent Compounds ExamplesExamples CS 2 SiO 2 BF 3

Naming Binary Covalent Compounds Prefixes are used to show how many atoms are present in each molecule. Prefixes are used to show how many atoms are present in each molecule. Mono=1, di=2, tri=3, tetra=4, penta=5, hexa=6, hepta=7, octa=8, nona=9, deca=10 Mono=1, di=2, tri=3, tetra=4, penta=5, hexa=6, hepta=7, octa=8, nona=9, deca=10

What word comes First in Covalent Rule 1. (LEFT TO RIGHT) The element with the lower group number is written first in the name; the element with the higher group number is written second in the name. – –Exception: when the compound contains oxygen and a halogen, the name of the halogen is the first word in the name. Rule 2. (BOTTOM TO TOP) If both elements are in the same group, the element with the higher period number is written first in the name.

NAMING BINARY COMPOUNDS

Step 1: Determine if Ionic or Covalent 1 st Word = Cation2 nd Word = Anion Element NameElement Name + “ide” 1 st Word2 nd Word Prefix + Element NamePrefix + Element Name + “ide” IF IONIC: IF COVALENT: EXCEPTION:Mono not used on 1 st Word

PRACTICE

NaBr NaBr MgF 2 MgF 2 Sodium Bromide Sodium Bromide Magnesium Fluoride Magnesium Fluoride Writing Binary Compounds

Potassium Chloride Potassium Chloride Aluminum Oxide Aluminum Oxide KCl Al 2 O 3 Writing Binary Compounds

N2ON2ON2ON2O dinitrogen monoxide Writing Binary Compounds

CO 2 CO 2 Carbon Dioxide

PCl 3 Phosphorous Trichloride Writing Binary Compounds