Kingdom Protista The “Catchall” Kingdom

Three Divisions  Animal-like- Protozoans  Plant-like- Algae  Fungus-Like- slime molds

Protozoans  Means “first animal”- evolutionary term  Animal-like  Microscopic  Unicellular or colonial  Usually motile  Heterotrophic  Aquatic-ponds, lakes, moist soil, blood  Exchange gasses with environment  Reproduce asexually by fission

Protozoan Classification  Classified by locomotion  Four Phylum Sarcodina Sarcodina Ciliaphora Ciliaphora Sporazoa Sporazoa Zoomastigina Zoomastigina

Phylum Sarcodina  Lack of body shape  Flexible plasma membrane surrounding cytoplasm ectoplasm- just inside membraneectoplasm- just inside membrane endoplasm- interior of animalendoplasm- interior of animal  Ameboid movement by pseudopods- “false foot” pseudopods- “false foot” taxes- response to stimulitaxes- response to stimuli  Pseudopod also captures food food

Phylum Ciliaphora  Cilia- hairlike projections Propel the organism toward food Propel the organism toward food Move food toward organism Move food toward organism  Slipper shape Pellicle- outer covering Pellicle- outer covering Macronucleus Macronucleus Micronucleus- functions during reproduction Micronucleus- functions during reproduction Oral groove- food channel Oral groove- food channel Contactile vacuole- star shaped- release excess water Contactile vacuole- star shaped- release excess water  Asexual reproduction as well as sexual conjugation

Reproduction  Asexual-binary fission- cell division  Sexual- conjugation- along oral groove oral groove

Sporazoans  No means of locomotion  All parasites

Plasmodium falciparum- Malaria  Carried by Anopheles mosquito

Plasmodium Life cycle

Phylum Zoomastigina (Flagellates) Phylum Zoomastigina (Flagellates)  One or more flagella  Most live in ponds, lakes  Some live in hosts as a parasite parasite Paranema

Trypanosoma  Carried by tse-tse fly tse-tse fly  Causes African African sleeping sleeping sickness sickness

Giardia lamblia  “hikers disease”  May be found in crystal clear crystal clear streams streams  Boil water for at least 15 minutes least 15 minutes  “Beaver Fever”

Trichonympha  Lives in termite gut to digest wood digest wood  Symbiotic relationship

Algae  Plant-Like Protists  Autotrophs  Benefits- Base of Food Base of Food Chain Chain Perform 70% of Perform 70% of Earth’s photosynthesis Earth’s photosynthesis

Multicellular- Classified by Color RED GREEN- spirogyra BROWN- kelp

Unicellular Algae- Euglenas  Freshwater algae  Both producer and consumer

Unicellular Algae- Diatoms  More oxygen produced than from any other organisms  Many uses  www. gle.com/videoplay?do cid= &ei=rZKdS8bW MYygqQO62t2KDA& q=diatomaceous+eart h&hl=en# www. gle.com/videoplay?do cid= &ei=rZKdS8bW MYygqQO62t2KDA& q=diatomaceous+eart h&hl=en# www. gle.com/videoplay?do cid= &ei=rZKdS8bW MYygqQO62t2KDA& q=diatomaceous+eart h&hl=en#

Other Algae- Dinoflagellates  Live in ocean  Some cause Red Tide  Some are bio- luminescent

Red Tide Red Tide  Overgrowth of algae  Produces toxins that may kill fish and sicken people Karenia brevis (Dr. Karen Steidinger)

Bioluminescent Dinoflagellates  Glow when agitated  Found in only a few places in the world  logspot.com/2008/10/dinofla gellates-bioluminescent- algae.html logspot.com/2008/10/dinofla gellates-bioluminescent- algae.html logspot.com/2008/10/dinofla gellates-bioluminescent- algae.html

Other Algae  Fragallaria

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