1. ‘The Protists’

2. Characteristics of Protists
Animal-like
Plant-like = algae/phytoplankton - Responsible for most of O2 released into atmosphere. Oxygen is a metabolic waste that is recycled for cellular respiration.
Parasites
Decomposers

3. Characteristics of Protists
All are eukaryotic (has a nucleus) with membrane-bound organelles
What is this cell? How can you tell?
Prokaryote!
---NO Nucleus

4. Where did Protists come from?
The eukaryotes evolved from the symbiosis of several cells
Mitochondria and chloroplasts may be descended from small aerobic and photosynthetic prokaryotes
The prokaryotes began to live inside larger cells
Endosymbiotic Theory : Lynn Margulis

5. Endosymbiotic Theory

6. Animal-like Protists = “Protozoans” Classified by how they move
Phylum Sarcodina
Moves by pseudopods-temporary projections of cytoplasm (false feet)
Reproduce by binary fission
Ex: Amoeba & Entamoeba ‘the revenge’

7. Protozoans Phylum Zooflagellates (Zoomastigina)
Have flagella - whip-like structures that aid movement
Ex: Trichonympha - lives in gut of a termite, digests wood
Ex. Trypanosomas - African sleeping sickness from bite of Tsetse fly
Ex. Giardia - causes humans to become sick when drinking water with cyst

8. Protozoans Phylum Ciliaphora - ciliates
Cilia - short, hair-like projections used for movement
Most free living
Ex: Paramecium

9. Protozoans Phylum Sporozoans - parasitic protists
Nonmotile - do not move
Ex: Plasmodium - causes malaria, carried by Anopheles mosquito

10. Plant-like Protists = “Algae” Unicellular & Autotrophic
(Look At Article!)
Phylum Pyrrophyta - Dinoflagellates
Luminescent - give off blue light
Causes ‘red tides’ = produces a nerve toxin that kills fish
Gonyaulax - in shellfish & produces toxins that paralyze and kill humans and fish

11. Phylum Euglenophyta - flagellates with chloroplast
Unicellular Algae
Phylum Euglenophyta - flagellates with chloroplast
Has 2 flagella and 1 eyespot
Ex: Euglena - both autotrophic & heterotrophic

12. Unicellular Algae (Fill-In On Notes)
Phylum Bacillariophyta - Diatoms
Has glass-like cell walls made of silica
Forms diatamaceous soil used to filter and as an abrasive (toothpaste). Shaped like 2 sides of a pillbox/culture dish

13. Unicellular Algae -
(Fill-In On Notes)
Phylum Chrysophyta: yellow-green and golden-brown algae

14. Phylum Chlorophyta - Green Algae
Multicellular Algae
Similar to plants. Both have….
cell walls
photosynthetic pigments
multicellarity
Fill in on notes
Phylum Chlorophyta - Green Algae
Ex: Volvox are colonial

15. Phylum Rhodophyta - Red Algae
Multicellular Algae
Phylum Rhodophyta - Red Algae
Used to make agar
Phylum Phaeophyta - Brown Algae
Ex: Kelp and Sargassum

16. Unusual Protists – “Decomposers”
Slime molds

17. Unusual Protists - Decomposers
Water molds
Grow in water or damp places on land
Ex: mildews, white rusts,
water molds &
Saprolegnia (ick on fish)
Ex. Phytopthora infestans (Potato blight) -threatened crops in Ireland “The Great Potato Famine”