Warm-Up #7 5/10/13 1)What are the 3 types of body symmetry? 2) Invertes with segmented bodies are called______. 3) The two spots on a planarians are called______ and they are used to_____. 4) In a closed circulatory system, where is the blood? 5) What is the function of an excretory system?

Vertebrates

Essential Question What distinguishes chordates from other animals? Objectives Examine the complexity of the vertebrate body plan Determine the structural and functional adaptations of vertebrates Identify the vertebrate body systems studied in science

Vertebrates Animals with a backbone or vertebral column Can be ectothermic or endothermic  Ectothermic – cold-blooded, body temp. controlled by behavior  Endothermic – warm-blooded, generate their own body heat

Vertebrata Classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata  Subphylum: Vertebrata (Most chordates are vertebrates) Class: Vertebrate classes - five main groups… 1. Fishes (include multiple classes) 2. Amphibia 3. Reptilia 4. Aves (Birds) 5. Mammalia

Fishes Fishes – most have fins, scales, and gills First vertebrates to evolve Include multiple classes – 3 main groups  Jawless fishes Invertebrates; ex. lampreys, hagfish  Cartilaginous fishes have cartilage; ex. sharks, skates, rays  Bony fishes have hard bone; ex. flounder, clownfish, tuna

Fishes Feeding – all types R,C,E – gills or lungs, closed circulation- heart, diffusion/ kidney Response – well-developed nervous system (brain, spinal cord, sense organs) Movement – muscles, fins Reproduction – sexual (external or internal fertilization) Body Temp. - Ectothermic

Amphibia Live in water as larvae, on land as adults Breathe with lungs as an adult Have moist skin with mucus glands Lack scales and claws 3 Groups  Salamanders  Frogs & Toads  Caecilians (no legs) Amphibian = double life

Amphibia Feeding – filter feed, herbivores as larvae; carnivores as adults R,C,E – R- through skin & lungs (gills when larvae), C- closed with a heart, E- kidneys Response – well developed - brain, spinal cord, sensory organs Movement – swim as larvae, limbs as adults Reproduction – Sexual (external fertilization, some internal) Body Temp. – Ectothermic

Cecilian

Reptilia Dry, scaly skin Lungs Terrestrial eggs with several membranes 4 Groups  Lizards and snakes  Crocodilians  Turtles and tortoises  Tuatara (resemble lizards, but different)

Reptilia Feeding – herbivores, carnivores, omnivores R,C,E – R-lungs, C-closed with heart, E- kidneys Response – well developed - brain, spinal cord, sensory organs Movement – strong limbs Reproduction – sexual (internal fertilization) Body Temp. – Ectothermic

Tuatara

Aves (Birds) Reptile-like Endothermic Feathers Two legs with scales – walking or perching Front limbs modified into wings Over 30 different orders

Aves (Birds) Feeding – herbivores, carnivores, omnivores; must eat often to maintain body heat R,C,E – R- lungs, C- closed with heart, E- kidneys Response – well developed - brain, spinal cord, sensory organs Movement – wings & legs to walk, run, swim, most fly Reproduction – Sexual (internal fertilization) Body Temp. – Endothermic

Mammalia Hair Nourish young with milk Breathe air 4 chambered hearts Endothermic Classified into 3 groups based on reproduction  Placental Mammals  Marsupials  Monotremes

Placental Mammals Carry young inside uterus until they give birth. Ex. Humans, dogs

Marsupials 1st period of development occurs inside mother’s body. 2 nd period occurs in a pouch outside of mom. Ex. Kangaroo

Monotremes Egg-laying mammals Ex. Duck-billed platypus, echidna

Mammalia Feeding – herbivores, carnivores, omnivores R,C,E – R- lungs, C- closed w/ heart, E- highly developed kidneys Response – highly developed brains Movement – wide variety of adaptations including flexible backbone Reproduction – sexual – internal fertilization Body Temp. – Endothermic

Chordates