1. Phylum Chordata (chordates)
Coelom, bilateral symmetry
Have a notochord – dorsal hollow nerve cord
Organ systems
Well Developed nervous system (complex brains)
Closed circulatory systems
Diverse habitats

2. Invertebrate Chordates
Tunicates and Lancelets – no skeleton

3. Invertebrate Chordates
Hagfish – cartilage cranium (craniate)
No jaw, no vertebrae
Slime for defense

4. Cartilaginous Vertebrates
Lampreys – cartilage skeleton, no jaws.
First vertebrate
Clamp on to other fish and feed on blood.

5. Cartilaginous Vertebrates
Chondrichthyans – sharks and rays
Gnathostomes- have jaws.
Considered cartilaginous fish.
Sharks most carnivores some filter feeders
Most give live birth (not amniotic eggs)
Great vision, inner hearing, and smell. Also detects electric pulses in prey.

7. Fish Coloem, bilateral symmetry, osteichthyans (bones)
Breath with gills (in through mouth out through operculum)
Vertebrates, Craniates, Gnagthostomes
Closed circulatory system
Have fins for swimming
swim bladders for floating
Scales for water proofing
Back bone moves side to side
Ectothermic- do not regulate their own body temperature
Carnivores, herbivores, scavengers

8. Reproduction
Sexual- male and female
External fertilization

9. Ray Finned most common to humans Fins have bony rays.
Trout, salmon, etc).

10. Lobe Fin
Less common
Have rod shaped bones in their fins surrounded by muscle
Includes lung fish, (may have used strong fin structures to walk.
Latimeria, lungfish

11. Amphibians Coloem, bilateral symmetry, Tetrapods
Vertebrates, Craniates, Gnagthostomes
Closed circulatory system
Use gills early in life, switch to lungs, diffuse oxygen through their skin
Live in water and on land (near moister)
Secrete a toxic “slime” on their skin
4 legs, no claws
Ectothermic - do not regulate their own body temperature.
carnivores

12. Reproduction Sexual- male and female External- need water
Zygote to Tadpole (gills, no legs) to Adult (lungs, legs)

13. Frogs, Toads, Salamanders

14. Reptiles Coloem, bilateral symmetry, tetrapods
Vertebrates, Craniates, Gnagthostomes
Closed circulatory system
Terrestrial, use lungs to breath
Have dry scales on their skin
4 legs, with claws (except snakes)
Back bone moves side to side
Ectothermic - do not regulate their own body temperature
Carnivores, herbavores,omnivores
Believed to have evolved from dinosaurs

15. Reproduction Sexual- male and female Internal fertilization
Amniotic eggs- provides nourishment to the embryo.
Burry their eggs

16. Turtles, Snakes, Crocodiles, Alligators Lizards

17. Birds Coloem, bilateral symmetry. tetrapods
Vertebrates, Craniates, Gnagthostomes
Closed circulatory system
Breath with lungs, and air sacs (efficient respiration)
Live in diverse habitats
Skin covered with feathers, modified scales (for warmth, water proofing, and flight)
Two legs with claws, two wings (for flight)
Beak, crop, and gizzard
Endothermic - regulate their own body temperature
Some nocturnal- awake at night
Some diurnal- awake during the day
Believed to have evolved from Archaeopteryx.

18. Reproduction Sexual- male and female Internal fertilization
Amniotic eggs
Incubate their eggs (some build nests)

19. Song birds, wood peckers, humming

20. Water fowl, pelican, heron, sea gull

21. Hawk, falcon, eagle, owl, vulture

22. Mammals Coloem, bilateral symmetry, tetrapods
Vertebrates, Craniates, Gnagthostomes
Closed circulatory system
Use lungs, diverse habitats
Live in water and on land (near moister)
Have fur on their skin
4 legs, with claws
Back bone moves up and down
Endothermic - regulate their own body temperature
Have mammary glands (nurse their young)
Herbivores, carnivores, omnivores
Some nocturnal, Some diurnal

23. Reproduction Sexual- male and female Internal fertilization
Amniotic eggs and Nurse their young
Placental mammals -live birth
Marsupials- live birth but young finish developing in a pouch
Monotremes lay eggs (rare)

24. Placental Mammals

25. Marsupials

26. Monotremes