Your Growth and Development Chapter 2

Growth Patterns Typical growth patterns have been identifited in the following four areas: Physical Intellectual Social Emotional

Normal growth follows a patterns but each person will will develop at his or her on pace Your rate of development does not affect the limits of your overall development Heredity and environment can influence overall growth and personality development

Physical Development Physical development refers to the growth of your body Adolescent Growth Spurt – sudden growth as early as 11 for girls and 13 for boys; this is noticeable body changes occur during the growth period

Boys reach adult height by age 21 Girls reach adult height by age 17 This is due to girls starting their growth spurts before girls Puberty is the time when reproductive organs mature

Reaching Physical Maturity Factors such as accidents, disease, and illness can prevent complete growth and development To reach full physical maturity Take care of yourself Get rest Get regular physical activity Avoid harmful substances Take safety precautions Make wise decisions Eat healthful

Intellectual Development Intellectual development refers to the growth of the brain and use of mental skills Words, numbers, and ideas 5 senses See Hear Taste Touch Smell You use this information to respond emotionally and social, how you reason, solve problems, make decisions and think creatively

The Parts of the Brain and Their Functions The brainstem and cerebellum control action activities Brainstem – controls life functions such as the beating of the heart and breathing Cerebellum – controls automatic movements such as riding a bike Limbic system – consists of four main structures in the brain that control emotions and hormone production as well as eating, drinking and sleeping Cortex- the part of the brain that controls thinking, decisions making and judgment

The Development of the Adolescent Brain When people develop intellectually, they can think in abstract ways. They can use logic and judgment, and are able to visualize the future.

Thinking Abstractly Concrete thinking is related to specific objects that can be seen and touched. The school-age child can think about a cup of water. When heating the water it will turn into steam. This is an example of concrete thinking Abstract ideas refer to thoughts of something you cannot see touch, smell, or hear. Love is an example of an abstract idea.

Developing Logic As young people mature, they begin to use abstract ideas in a logical manner. This process includes connecting several abstract ideas to support a decision or build a view point

Developing Judgment Maturity also brings an increase in the young person’s ability to judge if a viewpoint is strong or weak New information may cause a change in position

Visualizing the Future Your skill in visualizing your future will increase . Your ability to predict the consequences of a decision will improve. You will be able to make judgments based on your past experiences by using your maturing thought processes.

Emotional Development Emotional development refers to the ability to experience and express emotions.

Your Brain and Your Emotional Responses When you see an event, you process your emotional reaction to it through the limbic systems first These connections in the brain are fast and you will react before your brain has had time to send response to the cortex this is called the low road Learning to control your emotions and the responses that go with the take practice This is call high road

Identifying Your Emotions Recognize your emotions “I feel angry” or “I feel upset”

Controlling Your Emotional Responses Controlling emotional behavior means that you communicate your feelings in acceptable ways Example – removing yourself for the situation by walking into another room until you can handle the conflict

Reaching Emotional Maturity Emotionally mature person experience mature emotions such as love, self-esteem, concern, and empathy What factors help a person control emotional maturity? A strong supportive family network Close relationship with at least one significant adult Reduce stress in your life Avoid the use of alcohol or other controlled substances Focus on learning new facts and skills that make you feel more positive about yourself

Social Development Social Development is concerned with the way you relate to others

Socialization and Roles Socialization is the way you learn the behavior that society accepts Role is a way of acting to fulfill certain responsibilities Each of these roles will have certain responsibilities

Character and Ethics Character serves as your personal judge for every situation you face Ethics are the moral principles or standards that you use to judge what is right and wrong

Character Traits Self-discipline – the ability to control your behavior Dependability – you are reliable and true to your word Being responsible – answering for your behavior and obligations Integrity – honesty – honest people can be trusted because they are trusted Motivation – a drive that moves a person to do a task Mercy and justice – moves a person to uphold the laws of society and show regard for others’ rights and feelings

The Development of Character Character development starts when a child is young and continues thought-out life How do you learn character? Direct teaching Parents setting guidelines Training Example Religion belief School Developing a strong character will help you achieve social maturity

Your Personality Section 2:2

Personality is the sum of all your personal and behavioral traits

The Influence of Self-Concept Self-concept – the mental picture you have of yourself Your self-concept affects your self-esteem. Self-esteem is how you feel about yourself. Three factors influence the development of your self-concept: How you see your physical traits or appearance What you are able to do How people respond to you

Physical Traits If you feel good about your appearance, you are more likely to have a positive self-concept

Skills and Talents If you feel capable of doing a good job in some area, your feeling or worth increase

Your Temperament’s Influence Temperament – an inborn pattern of responses Your temperament and environment has a strong effect on how your behavior patters develop. Your environment shapes the way these behavior patterns develop during your life How you express yourself intellectually How physically active you are How you feel and express your emotions How social you are

Social Patterns Social Patterns relate to how going a person is Extrovert is a person who is very outgoing and enjoys being with people, they are usually friendly and have a lot of friends Introvert is a person who is more withdrawn. This person may be shy and anxious about meeting new people. An introvert usually like to be alone or with a very small group of familiar people

The Influence of Human Needs The need for food, clothing, and shelter The need to feel safe and secure The need to be loved and accepted by others The need for recognition and respect

A Healthy Personality Positive self-concept Know you are not perfect but keep trying to improve