AP World History: The Byzantine Empire Period Three NY State Standards 2, 3 Common Core RS 6, 9, WS 1.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
The Byzantine Empire AD.
Advertisements

Byzantine Empire. Where did the name come from? Byzantium  Greek colony founded in 667 BCE  King Byzas The Byzantines called themselves either ‘Romans’
As the Roman Empire continued to grow in size, it became increasingly more difficult to control. In 284 AD Emperor Diocletian ( ) came to the throne.
History 11 The Byzantine Empire. Constantinople The emperor Constantine rebuilt the Greek city of Byzantium and gave it the name Constantinople. In.
The Byzantine Empire The Golden Horn
The End of the Empire The Big Idea Problems from both inside and outside caused the Roman Empire to split into a western half, which collapsed, and an.
Byzantine Empire and Russia AD.
The Byzantine Empire Life in Europe without Rome.
Created by Mr. deBruin y. Mediterranean Sea Corrupt Government High taxes, inflation, unemployment, disease Military Decline Invasions by barbarian tribes.
Byzantine Empire “The New Rome”.
■ Essential Question: – What is the significance of the Byzantine Empire?
The Byzantine Empire. What was the Byzantine Empire? The predominantly Greek-speaking continuation of the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages. Initially.
Byzantine Empire c CE c Diocletian divided the Roman Empire in half c Constantine built a new capital city in the eastern half Diocletian.
Byzantine Empire ( ) AIM: Why was the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire) successful while the Western Roman Empire, was not? was not? Do Now:
The Byzantine Empire World History I.
The Byzantine Empire Created by Amy Perez.
The Byzantine Empire… The Eastern half of the Roman Empire As the Roman Empire continued to grow in size, it became increasingly more difficult to control.
The Byzantine Empire Part 1
Byzantine Empire and Orthodox Church Unit 5 World History.
The Byzantine Empire.
Byzantine Empire Heir to Ancient Rome.
300 – 1453 C.E.. Map of Byzantine Empire (600 CE)
The Byzantine Empire Capital: Greek city of Byzantium
Chapter 11-3: The End of the Republic Page:
The Byzantine Empire Objective 1: Explain the geography of Byzantium Objective 2: Discuss the Great Schism Objective 3: Summarize the rise and fall of.
 Leaders of the Byzantine Empire hoped to bring back the power of the Roman Empire.  The emperor Justinian led this revival from 527A.D. to 565A.D.
CHAPTER 1: Byzantine and Muslim Civilizations SECTION 1: The Byzantine Empire.
Chapter 16 -Part Two – -Early Middle Ages in Byzantine Empire.
World History I Ms. Costas & Ms. Marino
THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE. The Roman Empire’s power shifted to the east, as Germanic invaders weakened the western half.
What happened to the Roman Empire by 500 A.D.?
Aim: Was the Byzantine Empire more alike or different from Rome? Do Now: Are you more alike or different from your parents? Why do you think that is? NY.
As the Roman Empire continued to grow in size, it became increasingly more difficult to control. In 284 AD Emperor Diocletian ( ) came to the throne.
 Religion Constantine became Christian Ended persecution of Christians Made Christianity the official religion of Rome  Capital City Moved capital from.
History 11 The Byzantine Empire. Location The Byzantine Empire first appeared around AD 350 and lasted for more than one thousand years. The Byzantine.
 The Rise and Fall of the Byzantine Empire. How was Constantinople the New Rome?  When Germanic tribes came into Rome, Roman emperor Constantine moved.
Objectives Understand why Constantinople became known as the “New Rome.” Summarize the ways in which the Byzantine empire flourished under Justinian.
Chapter 10, Section 1 September 7,  Reign- (n.) period of power of a ruler  Imperial-(adj.)of or related to a empire  Distinct-(adj.)not alike;
The Byzantine Empire (The New Rome). The Eastern Empire As Western Europe fell to the Germanic invasions, power shifted to the Byzantine Empire (the eastern.
The Byzantine Empire (The New Rome). The Eastern Empire As Western Europe fell to the Germanic invasions, power shifted to the Byzantine Empire (the eastern.
THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE. Understand why Constantinople became known as the “New Rome.” Summarize the ways in which the Byzantine empire flourished under.
Holt McDougal, Ancient Rome Section 4 Notes Fall of Rome.
After the Roman Empire was divided in 395 AD,the Eastern half became known as the which would last for 1000 years!
The Byzantine Empire Chapter 10.
The Byzantine Empire.
Ch 10 sec 1 - Honors Byzantine Empire.
The Byzantine Empire The Golden Horn
Ch 14 sec 1 Byzantine Empire.
Chapter 9, Section 1: The Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire.
Bell Ringer Explain the connection between the Frankish kingdoms and the Christian Church.
Objectives Understand why Constantinople became known as the “New Rome.” Summarize the ways in which the Byzantine empire flourished under Justinian.
Jeopardy Byzantine Jeopardy.
OCTOBER 3, 2016 You need ALL colors of highlighters, a pencil, and paper/notebook for notes BYZANTINE EMPIRE HW: Quest (Quiz/Test) on Friday! No vocab.
Byzantine Empire “The New Rome”.
“Byzantium is the New Rome!”
The Byzantine Empire.
Journal: What is the Byzantine Empire?
The Byzantine Empire (450 CE)
Byzantine & Mongol Empires
The Byzantine Empire-The Eastern half of the Roman Empire
Take them however you want.
The Byzantine Empire.
AP World Review: Video #19: The Byzantine Empire (Key Concepts 3
Byzantine Empire “The New Rome”.
OCTOBER 9, 2015 Byzantine Empire notes
Unit 5 The Byzantine Empire
Objectives Understand why Constantinople became known as the “New Rome.” Summarize the ways in which the Byzantine empire flourished under Justinian.
Objectives Understand why Constantinople became known as the “New Rome.” Summarize the ways in which the Byzantine empire flourished under Justinian.
Aim: Was the Byzantine Empire a continuation of Rome?
Presentation transcript:

AP World History: The Byzantine Empire Period Three NY State Standards 2, 3 Common Core RS 6, 9, WS 1

I Rome Wasn’t Dead Yet! A)Recall that Diocletian divided the Roman Empire in half. Under Constantine, Constantinople became the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire. When the Roman Empire fell in the West in 476 CE, the Empire continued in the East for almost 1000 more years! Historians remember it as the Byzantine Empire. Constantinople’s former name was Byzantium. Today, it is the city of Istanbul in modern day Turkey.

Reconstruction of the Forum of Constantine, Constantinople

Rome Wasn’t Dead Yet! Continued… B) Constantinople was located on the Bosphorus, a strait that links the Black and Mediterranean Seas. *It also links Europe and Asia!

Walls of Theodosius

E) Hippodrome A sports arena for chariot racing.

II Age of Justinian (Ruled 527 – 565 CE) A) His goal was to revive the glory of Rome.

Byzantine Soldiers

Age of Justinian Continued… B) He built the Hagia Sophia Church“Holy Wisdom” in 537 CE. The interior dome is covered in gold. “O Solomon I have surpassed you!” When Constantinople was captured by the Ottoman Turks, the Hagia Sophia was converted to a mosque. Today it is a museum.

Age of Justinian Continued… C) Justinian organized Roman laws into the “Body of Civil Law”. Today it is known as the Justinian Code. It protected Roman laws from disappearing.

Justinian Code Excerpts Book One, Of Persons 3. The maxims of laws are these: to live honestly, to hurt no one, to give everyone his due. Book Two, Of Things 5. The public use of the seashore is part of the law of nations, as is that of the sea itself; and, therefore, any person is at liberty to place on it a cottage, to which he may retreat, or to dry his nets there, and haul them from the sea; for the shores may be said to be the property of no man. Book XVII Buying & Selling 1. It is necessary that a price should be agreed upon, for there can be no sale without a price… a sale is not considered to be completed unless an instrument of sale has been drawn up…

III Theodora (500 – 548 CE) A)Born into the lowest class of Byzantine society, but married Justinian 523 CE (before he became Emperor) B) She acted as a joint ruler with her husband Theodora's father was the bear keeper at the Hippodrome. Theodora began her career first as an actress, which was considered to be a disgraceful profession.

Theodora Continued… C) In 532 CE, a rebellion broke out at the Hippodrome (the Nika Revolt). The protesters set many buildings on fire, and declared a new emperor. Justinian wanted to flee the city, but Theodora convinced him to take strong action. Justinian sent in his army, causing the death of 30,000 protesters.

Theodora Continued… D) She helped create reforms to help women. - Banned killing of unwanted babies -Gave women property rights in divorce -Banned the murder of a wife who committed adultery - Closed brothels

IV Byzantine Christianity A) The Byzantine Church was headed by the Patriarch. *Rejected the authority of the Pope* B) Byzantine clergy could marry (After 1100s priests in the West could not) C) Greek, not Latin was the language of the church

Byzantine Christianity Continued… D) In the 8 th century, the Byzantine Emperor banned icons (images of religious figures). This led to a schism (permanent split) with the Western Church. The icon ban was lifted in 867. E) In 1054 the Pope and the Patriarch excommunicated each other. This is known as the Great Schism. The excommunications were not lifted until 1965! Excommunication was to many a punishment worse than death! It meant that you were no longer allowed to receive the Holy Sacraments, and were doomed to eternity in hell.

Byzantine Icons

V Collapse of the Byzantine Empire The empire began to disintegrate in the eleventh century. The Ottoman Turks slowly eroded Roman, or Byzantine, power over the course of centuries. By 1453, the Byzantine Empire consisted of the city of Constantinople and little else. In the end, gunpowder eradicated the Ottoman’s final obstacle to capturing Constantinople and toppling the Eastern Roman Empire. The Eastern Roman Empire survived the fifth century with their superior economy, military, and bureaucracy. Their western brothers lacked these resources and quickly disintegrated. These advantages served Constantinople for the next few centuries. The Byzantine Empire seemed immortal and immune to the same issues that plagued Rome. However, the upstart Turks showed little respect for Roman tradition. In 1071, the course of Byzantine, and Eastern European, history changed. The Turks won a major victory over the Byzantines at Manzikert. The decisive battle did not destroy the empire. However, it proved a short term setback and long term disaster for Constantinople… In a strange twist, the Muslims enjoyed inadvertent Christian support in their conquest. In the early thirteenth century, Christendom declared a Fourth Crusade against Muslims in the Holy Land. In 1202, the army began their journey to the Middle East. Along the way, they diverted to Constantinople and sacked the city. The attack lasted three days and the westerners destroyed priceless art and the Library of Constantinople. In fact, the Crusaders destroyed or stole everything they could. Then, they reapportioned the empire amongst its leaders creating their own states. Eventually, the Byzantines reestablished control over their territories. However, the attack severely weakened the empire politically and economically as the Crusaders depleted the imperial treasury. The sack of Constantinople horrified Western European leaders who looked to Byzantium as a bulwark against Islamic invasion. Meanwhile, the Islamic Turks continued their slow march to Constantinople. By the fifteenth century, the Turks had penetrated into Eastern Europe. They won key battles at Varna and Kosovo whittling the Byzantine Empire down to the city itself. The massive city walls remained the only thing for the Ottoman Turks to conquer. The Ottomans began the final assault on April 6, The Emperor Constantine XI refused to surrender the city to the Muslims and felt secure behind the city walls. However, the Turks brought cannons and used them to slowly demolish Byzantine defenses. The new technology rendered medieval military defense obsolete. Constantinople’s walls fell and the Byzantine Empire, and Middle Ages, collapsed alongside the rubble. Constantinople’s demise shocked and horrified Europe. Monarchs began searching for new trade routes to India and China while the Papacy considered another crusade to rescue the city. Meanwhile, the Turks immediately made the city their capitol. The Ottoman Empire continued to threaten Europe with Islamic invasion into the late seventeenth century before beginning its own lengthy decline and collapse. The fall of Constantinople marked the end of the Roman Empire. While the western half ceased to exist in 476, the eastern portion continued for another 1,000 years. The collapse took centuries to complete. It began in 1076 at Manzikert, continued with the Fourth Crusade in 1204, and completed with the Muslim conquest in – Don Keko

Key Vocabulary Byzantine Empire Diocletian Constantine Constantinople Bosphorus Hippodrome Justinian Hagia Sophia Justinian’s Code Theodora Nika Revolt Patriarch Schism Great Schism Icons Excommunicate