Plants Structure and Function Sexual Reproduction

Flowers Function Contain the sexual organs for the plant. Produces fruit, which protects, nourishes and carries seeds. Attracts insects for pollination.

Parts of the Flower 1. Sepals 2. Petals 3. Male Structures 4. Female Structures

Parts of the Flower Sepals Outer covering of the flower bud. Protects the stamens and pistils when flower is in bud stage. Modified leaves. Often green.

Parts of the Flower Petals Modified leaves Brightly colored Protects stamen & pistils. Attracts pollinating insects. Carries pollen from one flower to another.

Parts of the Flower Petals of plants that have wind pollination: Small sepals/petal or none at all.

Parts of the Flower (Stamen) Male reproductive part = Stamen Filament Stalk that supports anther Anther Produces pollen = sperm

Parts of the Flower (Pistil) Female reproductive part = Pistil (3 parts) Stigma Sticky top Holds the pollen grains Style tube Ovary Enlarged portion at base of pistil. Produces ovules (eggs). If fertilized, develops into seeds.

Parts of the Flower

Pollination Wind or animals Pollen reaches stigma Fertilized Egg = Seed Seed Coat: Protection Seed Leaves Developed from embryo Monocot: 1 leaf Dicot: 2 leaves Endosperm: food supply for embryo

Pollination Fruit-Ovary Tissue Seed develops here Examples: Apple, watermelons, cherries, vegetables, grains, nuts, tomatoes, cucumbers Help with seed dispersal so doesn’t compete with parent

Dispersal Animals: Tasty Eat and then poop out with fecal fertilizer. Sticky Ride away on Ex. Burrs Wind/Water Parachute/Wings Cottonwood Float Coconuts

Dormancy Until the right environment is available: Temperature Moisture Oxygen Light Survive animal digestive tracts while softening the seed coat.

Germination Steps: 1.Seed coat cracks and embryonic root breaks through. 2.A young shoot breaks through surface of soil. 3.Leaves grow from shoot and begin to photosynthesize  Seedling