Personal reflections on implementing a new regulatory regime Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire

2 Canadian Nuclear Activities HQ in Ottawa 5 Site Offices at Power Reactors 1 Site Office at Chalk River 4 Regional Offices Saskatoon Uranium Mines and Mills Regional Office Darlington Pickering HQ Laval Eastern Regional Office Calgary Western Regional Office Bruce A & B Chalk River Gentilly 2 Point Lepreau Mississauga Southern Regional Office

CNSC Nuclear Safety and Control Act (parliament approval 1997,in force 2000) replaced Atomic Energy Control Act(1946) AECB became CNSC - 3

CNSC Regulatory scope Nuclear power plants Nuclear substance processing facilities Industrial, research and medical facilities Waste management facilities Uranium mines, mills and processing Dosimetry Services Import/export Transport packaging Not X-rays or non-ionizing radiation 4

Change “Old Act” 1946 –focussed on security and safeguards –no reference to environment –licensee responsibilities –no public process –guidance documents New Act –safety, security, safeguards, env protection) –assigns responsibility for safety to licensees –licensee rights and responsibilities –establishes public processes –regulations –cost recovery 5

CNSC Mission To regulate the use of nuclear energy and materials: - to protect the health, safety, security and the environment, and - to respect Canada’s international commitments on the peaceful use of nuclear energy (safeguards). 6

Regulatory responsibilities Licensees are responsible for the protection of health, safety, security, and the environment and respecting Canada’s international commitments. The CNSC is responsible for regulating licensees, assessing whether licensees are compliant with the NSCA, regulations, and international obligations 7

Approach to establish regulations Draft documents prepared internally then circulated for stakeholder comment Public meetings and sector specific meetings Stakeholders: –Public –Licensees –Other government departments and agencies –Politicians 8

Challenges - external Political issues Challenges to mandate e.g. u mining Licensees concerned about increased oversight NGO and public desire for more openness 9

Challenges -internal Act already finalised when regulations being drafted Coordinating all regulations simultaneously New Act already approved by Parliament so no changes Understanding government processes for new regulations Cultural differences (reactors, radioisotopes) Prescription vs performance Staff capacity 10

Lessons learned Ensure Act is broad enough to give required authority Consult everyone but have a firm process Engage staff: keep them informed - train Be prepared to compromise Prepare regulations that are appropriate for the regulated risk (graded approach) Remember process will take much longer than you expected Learn your country’s regulatory process 11

Canadian Regulations (I) General Radiation protection Transport packaging Security Import/export Cost recovery Administrative monetary penalties Apply to everyone covered by the Nuclear Safety Act 12

Canadian Regulations (II) “Activity Specific” Class I Nuclear Facilities e.g. nuclear power plants Class II Nuclear Facilities e.g. linear accelerators Nuclear substances e.g. nuclear medicine, industrial radiography Uranium mines and mills 13

Canadian Regulations (III) Commission Rules of Procedures Commission By-laws 14

CNSC Regulatory framework 15

16 Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission & Nuclear Regulation in Canada More information at website: