Inflammatory Disorders Inflammation of joints Include Rheumatoid Arthritis Ankylosing spondylitis Osteomyelitis Bursitis Polymyositis

Rheumatoid arthritis Etiology/pathophysiology Most serious form of arthritis Chronic, systemic disease Most common in women of childbearing age Autoimmune disorder, but may also be genetic May affect lungs, heart, blood vessels, muscles, eyes, and skin Chronic inflammation of the synovial membrane of the diarthrodial joints (movable)

Rheumatoid arthritis (continued) Clinical manifestations/assessment

Rheumatoid arthritis of hands.

Rheumatoid arthritis (continued) Diagnostic tests Laboratory Tests

Rheumatoid arthritis (continued) Medical management/nursing interventions

Ankylosing spondylitis Etiology/pathophysiology Clinical manifestations/assessment

Ankylosing spondylitis (continued) Diagnostic tests Medical management/nursing interventions

Osteomeylitis Inflammation of bone and bone marrow Most common cause Also from infected teeth, tonsils, or URI Common organisms

Bursitis Inflammation of Bursa (fluid filled sac allowing joint movement) Usually from trauma or repetitious movement Appears calcified on X-ray Treatment

Polymyositis Inflammation of striated/skeletal muscle Etiology unknown (possibly autoimmune) Can affect heart, GI tract, and lungs Symptoms

Medical-Surgical Management Pharmacological treatment is symptomatic- Prednisone, may be long term Diet, may need frequent small meals and antacids for reflux Activity

Nursing Process Assessment Subjective Data re: joint pain, appetite, dyspnea, GI symptoms Objective Data re: ADL’s, respiratory difficulty, palpated joint tenderness

Medical-Surgical Management Bedrest with sandbags to immobilize bone Antibiotics given early to prevent bone abcess Abcess very difficult to heal, may require incision to drain Very painful Tendency for abcess to recur

Surgical Pharmacological

Diet Activity