New Technology and the Legacy of the Civil War

Civil War Technology

Telegraph

Telegraph office

Telegraph wagon

Railroads

Rifled musket

Accuracy of Smoothbore Muskets vs. Rifle-muskets Distance from Target Smoothbore Shots that Hit Target Rifle Shots that Hit Target 100 yards 74.5%94.5% 200 yards 42.5%80% 300 yards 16%55% 400 yards 4.5%52.5%

Rifled Cannon The Whitworth designed cannon could fire a shell over 6 miles.

Fort Pulaski, Georgia. The accuracy and range of the rifled cannon rendered brick fortifications obsolete.

Repeating rifles

The Gatling Gun The First The First Machine Gun Machine Gun

Hand grenades/rockets

Hale rocket and rocket launcher

Ironclads/gunboats

Submarines

Balloons

usa.org/1725/cause_and_effect_during_the_ci vi.htm

Photography

Embalming

New Military Technology There are many new improvements to weapons of war and these increased the number of casualties on both sides. There are many new improvements to weapons of war and these increased the number of casualties on both sides. –1. Rifle – a gun with a grooved barrel that causes a bullet to spin through the air. This gives the bullet more distance and accuracy.

New Military Technology –2. Minie ball – a bullet with a hollow base. The bullet expands when it is fired to fit the grooves in the barrel. This also increases distance and accuracy over old- fashioned muskets.

New Military Technology –3. Ironclads – warships covered with iron instead of just wood. The majority of the ship was below water and provided a very small target for their enemies to shoot at.

New Military Technology –Merrimack (renamed Virginia) – Confederate Ironclad –Monitor – Union Ironclad - These two ironclads fought off the coast of Virginia in 1862 for four hours. The battle ended in a draw.

Civil War Medicine Civil War Medicine Civil War Medicine Civil War Medicine

African-American Soldiers The Emancipation Proclamation also stated that African-Americans willing to fight in the civil war could join the army. The Emancipation Proclamation also stated that African-Americans willing to fight in the civil war could join the army. By the end of the war, 180,000 African-American soldiers had joined the Union Army. By the end of the war, 180,000 African-American soldiers had joined the Union Army.

African-American Soldiers They were usually organized in all African-American regiments with white officers. They were usually organized in all African-American regiments with white officers. They were paid less than white soldiers and often given the worst assignments. They were paid less than white soldiers and often given the worst assignments.

African-American Soldiers The 54th Massachusetts Regiment The 54th Massachusetts Regiment –One of the first African- American regiments organized in the North. –They insisted on fighting without pay, if it was not equal to that of white soldier’s pay. –They led a heroic attack on Fort Wagner

Gettysburg Address On November 19, 1863, President Lincoln gave a speech at the dedication of a cemetery in Gettysburg for the soldiers buried there. On November 19, 1863, President Lincoln gave a speech at the dedication of a cemetery in Gettysburg for the soldiers buried there. In the speech Lincoln declared that the nation was founded on the fact that “all men are created equal.” In the speech Lincoln declared that the nation was founded on the fact that “all men are created equal.”

Gettysburg Address He urged people to continue the fight for democracy for all. He urged people to continue the fight for democracy for all.

Lincoln’s Ideas on the following issues: Lincoln’s ideas on liberty and slavery changed during the Civil War. Lincoln’s ideas on liberty and slavery changed during the Civil War.

Lincoln and Civil Liberties Lincoln and Civil Liberties Lincoln and Civil Liberties Lincoln and Civil Liberties

Lincoln’s Ideas on the following issues: First Inaugural Speech – He said that he did not want to abolish slavery and he did not want to go to war, but the North would defend federal property in the South. First Inaugural Speech – He said that he did not want to abolish slavery and he did not want to go to war, but the North would defend federal property in the South.

Lincoln’s Ideas on the following issues: Second Inaugural Speech – Here he said that the Civil War was about slavery and that the war was being fought to make sure that the equality of enslaved Americans was recognized. Second Inaugural Speech – Here he said that the Civil War was about slavery and that the war was being fought to make sure that the equality of enslaved Americans was recognized.

Lincoln’s Ideas on the following issues: Union – Lincoln believed the Union should be maintained no matter the cost. Union – Lincoln believed the Union should be maintained no matter the cost. Government – Lincoln believed that Democracy was the best form of government and it was worth protecting with your life. Government – Lincoln believed that Democracy was the best form of government and it was worth protecting with your life.

Lincoln’s Ideas on the following issues: Liberty – It was the government’s responsibility to defend an individual’s freedom. Liberty – It was the government’s responsibility to defend an individual’s freedom. Equality – He believed, “that all men are created equal.” Equality – He believed, “that all men are created equal.”

Lincoln’s Ideas on the following issues: Slavery – His ideas changed on this topic. He never liked slavery, but at the beginning of the war he did not want to end all slavery. However, by the end of the war Lincoln claimed they were fighting the war to end slavery. Slavery – His ideas changed on this topic. He never liked slavery, but at the beginning of the war he did not want to end all slavery. However, by the end of the war Lincoln claimed they were fighting the war to end slavery.

Costs of the War: The Civil War was the deadliest war in American history The Civil War was the deadliest war in American history Approximately 620,000 soldiers died Approximately 620,000 soldiers died

Costs of the War: Union – 360,000 killed Union – 360,000 killed 275,000 wounded 275,000 wounded Confederacy – 260,000 killed 260,000 wounded Confederacy – 260,000 killed 260,000 wounded

Costs of the War: Combined the North and the South spent 5 times more money than the government had in the previous 8 decades. Combined the North and the South spent 5 times more money than the government had in the previous 8 decades.

Thirteen Amendment Thirteen Amendment Thirteen Amendment Thirteen Amendment

Reconstruction Amendments: 13th – Ended slavery in the US (1865) 13th – Ended slavery in the US (1865) 14th – Protected the civil rights of all Americans even those that were formally enslaved (1868) 14th – Protected the civil rights of all Americans even those that were formally enslaved (1868) 15th – Guaranteed the right to vote to African-American men (1870) 15th – Guaranteed the right to vote to African-American men (1870)

Effects of the War on the South Effects of the War on the South Effects of the War on the South Effects of the War on the South