Variable Speed Heat Pumps Provisional UES Proposal Presentation to the Regional Technical Forum September 18, 2012 Presentation by Kacie Bedney, Bonneville Power Elizabeth Daykin, Bonneville Power Ben Larson, Ecotope

2 Overview  Heat pump measures’ applicability clarified to exclude variable speed heat pumps (VSHP) at May 2012 RTF meeting  83 VSHP systems reported to BPA  BPA is conducting research to establish savings for this measure

3 Measure Summary Measure name: Variable Speed Heat Pumps Measure Sponsor: BPA Measure description: –Installation of high efficiency variable speed air source heat pumps to replace an electric forced air furnace. 12 HSPF / 18 SEER Requesting Status: Provisional

Measure Classification 4

Measure Identifiers 5

Baseline Specifications  Two baseline HVAC systems: Electric Forced Air Furnace - w/ and w/o AC ASHP HSPF 14.0 SEER − PTCS controls, commissioning, and sizing in base  Three building types (weighted): 1,344 ft 2 single-story ranch house (5%) 2,200 ft 2 split-level house (67%) 2,688 ft 2 house with basement (28%) 6

Baseline Specifications Cont’d  Last measure in – existing houses weatherized, lighting upgraded Same characteristics as those used for GSHP analysis 7

VSHP Performance Model: SEEM  Ecotope developed based on the Carrier Corporation 25VNA Infinity TM VSHP HSPF 12, SEER 18 Product specification sheet provides: input power and output capacity at 10°F increments for both min & max indoor air handler flow − Min and max inputs and outputs Previous work basing performance model from spec sheet data suggests assessment is likely optimistic - field & lab work needed. 8

Carrier Spec Sheet Data 9

Curve Fits  Performance curve fitted to spec sheet data using regression techniques Input = ƒ(T out, T rp, CFM) Output = ƒ(T out, T rp, CFM)  Currently, no cooling curve fit. Cooling improvements assumed to occur in proportion to heating improvements. 10

Variable Capacity Considerations: Controls & Airflow  Assert HP controller follows house load Assert it is similar to observed DHP behavior Ex: If VSHP runs for 45 mins at full output for 1 hour, in the next hour it runs at 75% output for 1 hour.  Airflow is a function of capacity and changes every hour within simulation Duct losses vary with varied airflow This model shows ~5% increase in duct losses over a single speed system 11

Example Simulation Output  2200ft 2 house with UA= 475 Btu/hr-F Heat pump size = 3 tons  Eugene, OR climate. January

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14 Higher duct losses for VSHP when operating at lower airflows requires more overall heat output Higher COP for VSHP system requires less energy input Capacity changes based on load. Min capacity is ~40%

Measure Cost Summary 15  Baseline costs for upgrade and conversion rely on air-source heat pump analyses  VSHP costs are from customer invoices Upgrade $2,851 incremental cost Conversion incremental cost − FAF w/ CAC $5,616 − FAF w/o CAC $6,975

Measure Life Summary  Measure life of 20 years Available default EUL 16 Sunset Criteria: – Measure shall sunset at the end of 2014, at which time the field work and lab testing results will inform updated SEEM runs

Cost Effectiveness 17

Checklist 18

Checklist – cont’d 19

Plan for Data Collection and Analysis – laboratory testing  Lab testing for performance curves  Spring/Summer 2013  2-ton outdoor unit, 2 to 3.5 ton indoor unit AHRI ref #  Tested at high, intermediate and low compressor speeds  Tested over a range of indoor and outdoor conditions (ODT 17 deg – 62 deg)  AHRI steady state heating tests 20

Plan for Data Collection and Analysis: field test  BPA-led advisory committee  Committee to assist in developing: method for evaluating the performance appropriate M&V plan what data to collect what & how to measure duration of the tests number of sites to test  Combine lab and field testing into SEEM model to determine annual estimated savings  Winter

Contacts  BPA Kacie Bedney  Ecotope Ben Larson x Stephanie Vasquez

RTF Proposed Motion: “I _________ move that the RTF approve the Residential VSHP UES Measure as Provisional with Active status.” 23