Was the 1917 Russian Revolution… Inevitable? Due to Romanov Rule? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Was the Russian Revolution Inevitable? Due to Romanov Reign?

What's Wrong Alexi? The Last Romanov Romanov Reign What is the message behind this cartoon? The Last Romanov

Inevitable Russian Revolution

FRENCH REVOLUTION 1789-1799

And so it begins… Decembrist Revolution 1825 Beginning of the Russian Rev??? Alexander I had died unexpectedly Nicholas I became Tsar UNPOPULAR Boyars (Noblemen) & officers staged coup. UNSUCCESSFUL! Afterwards 289 Decembrists were tried; five were executed, 31 imprisoned, and the rest banished to Siberia. Their martyrdom inspired later generations of Russian dissidents.

Marxism Vocab Proletariat: Bourgeoisie: workers or working-class people, regarded collectively Bourgeoisie:  the capitalist class who own most of society's wealth and means of production

Communist Manifesto

Marx, Lenin and Bolsheviks, Oh my! 1898: the Marxist group, Russian Social Democratic Labor Party (RSDLP), formed First Russian Marxist groups Delegates arrested by Tsar! (Later freed) 1903: Disagreement between Vladimir Lenin and Julius Martov, so the RSDLP broke and formed two separate groups Bolsheviks: Lenin Mensheviks: Martov Lenin addressing the Bolsheviks

Bloody Sunday Russian Revolution of 1905 Jan 22nd, 1905 Led by the Father Gapon as a last minute plea to the Tsar for help (Tsar doesn't know we are suffering!) Workers marched on Winter Palace in St. Petersburg to ask Tsar to help… Representative government End to war with Japan Tsar Nicholas’ troops fired on peaceful protesters, killing hundreds. (Myth shattered) Jan-Oct 1905 Unrest and Strikes!!!! Sergei Witte laid foundation for DUMA 10/17/1905- 10/30/1905: October Manifesto Tsar Nicholas created DUMA… Allowed freedom of speech and ELECTED assembly Was it successful? (1906, Nicholas dissolves the DUMA for a more conservative one…)

WWI 15,000,000 Russians in… 8,000,000 Russians out…

Russian Revolution 1917 1) February Revolution/1917 Revolutionaries overthrew the Tsar Ultimatum from Duma… step down and give us power! Army abandoned Nicholas Nicholas- tried to hand power to son, no! Unorganized! Supported by Mensheviks, NOT Lenin’s Bolsheviks Set up Provisional Government (Not ready for Socialism?) 2nd Leader, Alexander Kerensky of the Social Revolution Party 6.3.1917: First Congress of the Soviets (137 of 1090 were Bolsheviks) 2) October Revolution/ 1917 Bloodless Bolshevik Coup led by Lenin Set up Cabinet: Council of People’s Commissar Lenin: Chairman Trotsky: Commissariat of Foreign Affairs/ Military leader Stalin: Commissariat of Nationalism/ General Secretary 1917-1922 Russia becomes a Democratic Republic

Russian Civil War 1918 - 1920 Red Army VS White Army Reds win!!!! Reds: Bolsheviks (Communists) led by Trotsky and Lenin Whites: Anti Bolsheviks led by ??? Lack of cooperation Reds win!!!! 1922--- (Beginning of USSR) Lenin has stroke, paralyzed, and scales back government responsibilities Stalin essentially takes over 1924: Lenin dies Two Year power struggle: Stalin and Trotsky duke it out for leader of newly formed USSR Stalin wins/ becomes general secretary of USSR (1922-1953) USSR (1922-1991)

Red Square St. Basil’s Красная площадь Lenin… On display Kremlin- Tsar’s Palace