Give 2 examples of a physical property of Oxygen gas and 1 example of a chemical property. Question of the Day

Chapter 19 Lesson 2 Nonmetals

your body’s mass is made of oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen calcium, a metal, and other elements make up the remaining four percent of your body’s mass Properties of Nonmetals

Phosphorus, sulfur, and chlorine are other elements found in your body. Nonmetals elements that usually are gases or brittle solids at room temperature Properties of Nonmetals

Nonmetals don’t conduct heat or electricity well, and generally they are not shiny. Periodic table all nonmetals except hydrogen are found at the right of the stair-step line. Properties of Nonmetals

The noble gases group 18, make up the only group of elements that are all nonmetals Group 17 except for astatine, are also nonmetals Properties of Nonmetals

Electrons most nonmetals are strongly attracted to the nucleus of the atom. as a group, nonmetals are poor conductors of heat and electricity. Nonmetals form both ionic and covalent compounds. Bonding in Nonmetals

Nonmetals gain electrons from metals, the nonmetals become negative ions in ionic compounds. Bonding with other nonmetals atoms of nonmetals usually share electrons to form covalent compounds. Bonding in Nonmetals

Hydrogen atoms in the universe, about 90 percent of them are hydrogen. found mostly in the compound water Water when broken down into its elements, hydrogen becomes a gas made up of diatomic molecules. Hydrogen

Diatomic molecule two atoms of the same element in a covalent bond Hydrogen

highly reactive. a single electron, which the atom shares when it combines with other nonmetals. can gain an electron when it combines with alkali and alkaline earth metals. forms hydrides. Hydrogen

Halogen lights contain small amounts of bromine or iodine. These elements, as well as fluorine, chlorine, and astatine, are called halogens and are in Group 17. The Halogens

Halogens very reactive in their elemental form their compounds have many uses. The Halogens

Halogen seven electrons in its outer energy level only one electron is needed to complete this energy level. if a halogen gains an electron from a metal, an ionic compound, called a salt is formed. The Halogens

Gaseous state form reactive diatomic covalent molecules can be identified by their distinctive colors. chlorine is greenish yellow, bromine is reddish orange, and iodine is violet. The Halogens

Fluorine most chemically active of all elements Chlorine compounds are used to disinfect water obtained from seawater at ocean-salt recovery sites The Halogens

Bromine only nonmetal that is a liquid at room temperature extracted from compounds in seawater. compounds are used as dyes in cosmetics. Uses of Halogens

Iodine, shiny purple-gray solid at room temperature, is obtained from seawater. When heated, iodine changes directly to a purple vapor. Sublimation solid changing directly to a vapor without forming a liquid Uses of Halogens

Astatine last member of Group 17 radioactive and rare, but has many properties similar to those of the other halogens. no known uses due to its rarity. Uses of Halogens

The noble gases exist as isolated atoms stable~ their outermost energy levels are full. no naturally occurring noble gas compounds are known The Noble Gases

yQShZRA&feature=plcp yQShZRA&feature=plcp Characteristics CharacteristicMetalNonmetal 1. Appearance of a solidShinyDull 2. Is it malleable?YesNo 3. Is it ductile?YesNo 4. Does it conduct electricity well?YesNo 5. Does it conduct heat well?YesNo 6. Most common state at room temp. SolidGas