Government Ch People who work for government organizations are called ___________ or civil servants.

Sec 1 2. When Thomas Jefferson became president in ____, the federal gov’t employed 2,120 people. Today, nearly_ million civilians work for the federal government. 3. President Washington’s first acts in 1789 was to ask Congress to create the Depts of Treasury, State, & ___. Since 1789, 11 new departments have been created.

Sec 1 4. A secretary heads each of the depts. The deputy secretary or under secretary is second in command. 5. The secretary of ____ is one of the president’s most trusted advisers. This dept. is responsible for the overall foreign policy of the US. It staffs embassies, or offices of ambassadors in foreign countries.

Sec 1 6. Dept. of the _________- manages the monetary resources of the US. This dept. oversees the IRS (Internal Revenue Service). 7. The Dept. of the _________ protects public lands and natural resources, and it also oversees relations with Native Americans. It was established in _____. 8. Dept. of _____________ – created to help farmers improve their income & expand their markets. Also, provides financial credit to farmers.

Sec 1 9. Dept. of ___________ – oversees the nation’s legal affairs. Created in ____. Among its well known agencies is the ___, US Marshals Service, & the ____. 10. Dept of ___________ – promotes & protects the industrial and commercial segments of the American economy, founded in _____. 11. Dept. of ________ – created in ______; protects American workers –provides safe working conditions, minimum wage, & pension rights.

Sec Dept. of ___________ – first called the Dept. of War; it protects the nation’s security. 13. Dept. of ___________& Human Services – has been extremely visible since the AIDS outbreak of the 1980s – especially the Public Health Service. 14. Dept. of _________ & _______ Development – preserves the nation’s communities & ensure Americans of equal housing opportunities.

Sec Dept. of Transportation – regulates all aspects of American transportation needs, policy development, & planning. The Federal Aviation Administration regulates air travel. 16. Dept. of Energy – plans energy policy & researches & develops energy technology. 17. Dept. of __________ – coordinates federal assistance programs. What was the largest legislation in the last 10 years?

Sec Dept. of Veterans Affairs – administers several hospitals as well as educational and other programs that help veterans & their families. 19. Dept. of _______________ – created in 2002; it controls the Coast Guard, Border Patrol, & Federal Emergency Management Agency.

Sec Independent agencies – NASA – National _____________ & ________ Administration 21. The CIA – Central Intelligence Agency – it gathers information about what is going on in other countries and passes it along to the president. 22. Government corporations are businesses the federal government runs.

Sec Examples include – ___, ______, and the ______. 24. Regulatory commissions were created to make rules for large industries and businesses that affect the interests of the public. They decide such questions as who will receive a license to operate a radio station or to build a natural gas pipeline to serve a large city.

Sec Congress started taking steps to deregulate the power of regulatory agencies. It was a major issue in the 1980s and 1990s. As Republicans pushed for regulatory reform, President __________ proposed to “re-invent government”. He signed an executive order that required federal regulations to avoid imposing undue economic burdens on businesses w/o assessing their costs and benefits.

Sec 2 1. Only __% of all federal government employees work in Washington D.C. 2. Andrew _______ fired about 1,000 federal workers and gave their jobs to his own political supporters. The ___________ came to be the phrase that was used for Jackson’s method of appointing federal workers. This describes the practice of victorious politicians rewarding their followers with gov’t jobs.

Sec 2 3. President _________ persuaded Congress in 1871 to set up the first Civil Service Commission. It took a tragedy to restart the reform effort. In 1881, President _________ was shot by Charles Guiteau after being ignored for a job in diplomatic service. 4. President Arthur, along with Congress passed the ____________ Act. This created the present federal civil service system.

Sec 2 5. The civil service system is the principle and practice of gov’t employment on the basis of open, competitive examinations and merit. 6. The Civil Service Commission operated for __ years. In 1979, it was replaced by the Office of Personnel Management & by the Merit System Protection Board.

Sec 2 7. The _______ Act limits how involved federal government employees can become in elections. This was to prevent a political party from using federal workers in election campaigns. 8. In 1993 Congress revised the act. Now federal employees can’t engage in political activities while on duty, including wearing a campaign button. However off-duty, employees have many more options.

Sec 2 9. In each presidential election year, the House or Senate publishes a book known by Washington insiders as the plum book. The word plum stands for political plum – a job the new president may fill. The plum book lists all such jobs.

Sec 3 1. The Social Security Act was established the Social Security. The law make it possible for disabled workers to receive payments from the government. 2. The federal bureaucracy has grown & assumed an important role in making public policy. 1) growth of the nation 2) international crises 3) economic problems 4) citizens’ demands 5) the nature of bureaucracy itself

Sec 3 3. ________ groups are the individuals & groups who work with the agency and are most affected by its decisions. 4. Liaison officers promote good relations with Congress. They keep track of bill moving through Congress that might affect the agency.

Sec 3 5. Congress’s power over the bureaucracy is the power of the _______. The nation’s lawmakers control agency’s budget. 6. _____________ an order that will stop a particular action or enforce a rule or regulation. 7. _______________ a relationship formed among government agencies, congressional committees, & client groups who work together. 8. The Dept. of Veterans Affairs (VA) provides important services such as hospital care.