1. The Federal Bureaucracy
Chapter 10

2. Bureaucratic Organization
Federal bureaucracy is made up of 100s of agencies
Staff members known as bureaucrats
Or civil servants
Staff members also known as civil servants
Department of State is responsible for implementing the foreign policy of the United States

3. The Cabinet Departments
State
Implement foreign policy
Protects rights of US citizens traveling abroad
Staff embassies
Represents American positions to the United Nations
Treasury
Manages monetary resources
Bureau of the Mint manufactures coins
Bureau of Engraving and Printing produces cash
IRS creates tax code and collects taxes
* A secretary who is a member of the president’s cabinet heads each of the departments in the executive branch

4. The Cabinet Departments
Interior
Protects public lands and natural resources
Agriculture
Develop conservation programs
Provide financial credit to farmers
Safeguards the food supply
Justice
Office of Attorney General
FBI
Commerce
Bureau of the Census
Patent and Trademark Office
National Institute of Standards and Technology
Interior – Bureau of Mines and the National Park Service
Attorney General – oversees the nation’s legal affairs
FBI, U.S. Marshals, Drug Enforcement, Civil Rights, Antitrust Division
Bureau of the Census – conducts census every 10 years
Patent and Trademark – issues patent for new inventions
National Institute of Standards and Technology provides uniform standards for weights and measurements

5. The Cabinet Departments
Labor
Protect American workers
Defense
Work with the Joint Chiefs of Staff to manage armed forces
Health and Human Services
Manages Medicare and Medicaid
Public Health Service
Housing and Urban Development
Equal housing opportunities for all
Makes mortgage money available
Protect workers by: ensures safe working conditions, safeguards a minimum wage, and protects pension rights
Bureau of Labor Statistics analyzes data on employment, wages, and compensation
Defense – joint chiefs of staff includes leaders of the army, navy, marines, and air force
Cut back on Defense Department’s budget after Cold War, now increasing because of counter-terrorism
Public Health Service – implements a national health policy, funds medical research, and ensures the safety of food and drugs

6. The Cabinet Departments
Transportation
Divided into separate agencies
Federal Aviation Administration
Federal Railroad Administration
Federal Highway Administration
Federal Transit Administration
Energy
Plan energy policies and develops energy technology
Education
Coordinate federal assistance programs for public and private schools
Department of energy was created in 1977 in response to first large energy crisis
Today department of Ed. Helps those with limited English proficiency as well as providing programs for the physically challenged students

7. The Cabinet Departments
Veterans Affairs
Administers hospitals
Educational and other programs for veterans and their families
Homeland Security
Coast Guard
Border Patrol
Immigration and Naturalization Service
Customs Service
Federal Emergency Management Agency
Homeland Security was created in response to the 9/11 attacks

8. Bureaucracy Independent Agencies Regulatory Commissions
Assisting the Executive Branch
Agencies designed to assist the Executive Branch
Government Corporations
Businesses the government runs
Regulatory Commissions
Make rules for large industries
Business lobbyists pressure regulatory agencies
Efforts are being made to deregulate
Examples of agencies assisting the executive branch
General Services Administration
Constructs and maintains government buildings
Central Intelligence Agency
Gathers information on other countries
Government Corporations
TVA
FDIC
USPS
Businesses try to pressure agencies because the laws they pass can have huge impacts on their profits
Deregulate – decrease the powers of regulatory agencies