Social and Emotional Development in Adolescence Chapter 12

Erik Erikson Identity vs. Identity Confusion Identity crisis-temporary period of confusion and distress as they experiment with alternatives before settling on values and goals (identity exploration) Identity confusion-shallow and directionless Due to conflicts resolved negatively or society restricts choices

Table 12.1 Identity statuses

Identity Development Cultural and ethnic identity Career identity Gender identity Self identity Autonomy

Family and Teens Parenting styles that involve listening, asking clarifying questions and higher- level reasoning is more effective than Threats, sarcastic remarks

Peer relationships Average at least 18 hours per week with peers Friendships-intimacy Loyal Close friendships assist with self exploration, understanding of others, stress of teen years, and school stress

Cliques and Crowds Cliques-small group of close or good friends Crowd-loosely organized group of several cliques and others Dating-apart of teen life; assist teens in learning about people, love relationships, etiquette, culture and cooperation Peer pressure-pressure to conform-seen in dress grooming and participation in social activities

Problems in Teen Years Depression Suicide Delinquency Drug Abuse At Risk