Eisenhower Era: Social Group 3 Enkay Battsetseg Paul Oh Samuel Pimentel
Desegregation Signs such as these were displayed everywhere in order to show African Americans were not welcome. Desegregation: legally acting against the segregation acts, allowing all races to coexist.
Civil Rights Seeds President Truman was horrified after hearing of the lynching of African American veterans => proclaimed the military be desegregated. Eisenhower showed little interest on the issue Supreme Court's job to take the initiative and act on the civil rights movement.
African American Migration Many African-Americans moved westward and north=> faced increased unemployment.
Education Government attempted to retain the “separate but equal” thought=> failed (many schools didn't abide by it). The solution: integration=> angry mobs at the scene of the first integrated school, Central High School.
Integration President Truman protected the act of integration : “ Do command all persons engaging in such obstruction of justice to cease..”(Executive Order 10730).
Other Minorities Hispanics had greatly helped the U.S. During World War 2 to remain in their feet and feed the nation. However, they faced discrimination as well: Operation Wetback sent 1m. Hispanics back to their native land. (Supported by Mexican Government)
Home Construction Economic prosperity after WW2=> surge in home construction: one in every four homes in 1960 was built in the 1950s. Economic prosperity=> the middle class grows.
“Information Age” The exemplar of the high-tech corporation= International Business Machines(IBM). => modified airline scheduling, high-speed printing, and telecommunication.
Work Force White collar worker= office work and not physically demanding Blue collar worker= physically demanding labor 1956: for the first time, white outnumbered the blue= the Industrial Era had ended=> the labor unions declined after Economic justice had came.
Quiet Revolution: Women New innovation=new jobs -“Pink-collar ghetto” of occupations were dominated by women, making them the primary beneficiaries of the postwar era. =>social and psychological shocks at the dual role of women as both workers and the traditional house-wife.
Feminism The Feminine Mystique by Betty Friedan was a best-seller and a classic feminist protest literature=> stimulate modern women's movement. Freidan spoke with women who were struggling with the postwar “cult of domesticity” =>influenced many women to fight for equal rights and freedom.
Consumer Culture McDonalds first opened San Bernardino, CA. -Disneyland first opened in Anaheim, CA in '55. By 1956, 442 TV stations were broadcasting. => American lifestyle became more liberal, evident from the popularity of rock n' roll music by Elvis Presley, one of the most influential musicians of the era.
Consumer Culture (cont.) Marilyn Monroe's new perspective on sexuality => more liberal view on the American society. The first Playboy Magazine was published in The critics argued the postwar prosperity was filled with a pack of conformists and troublesome combination of private business and public thirst. -William H.Whyte, Jr. in The Organization Man -David Riesman in The Lonely Crowd
Literature Postwar literature was based on the character of American life and ideology. -Gore Vidal's Myra Breckinridge : about a reincarnated transsexual. -Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man : about a black man feeling unsupported and powerless. Jewish writers sought to shine a light on the perspective of lower and middle-class Jewish immigrants: The Assistant by Bernard Malamud.
Works Cited Bailey, Thomas A., Lizabeth Cohen, and David M. Kennedy. The American Pageant. 13 th ed. Massachusetts: Houghton Mifflin Company, Chron Hearst Newspapers. 18 th March History A&E Networks. 18 th March (Proclamation No. 3204, 1957) Executive Order No