Streaming Media at Penn State Kaspar Stromme Kim Winck Center for Education Technology Services Web 2001 Conference, June26, 2001

What is Streaming A technique for transferring data over a network such that it can be processed as a steady and continuous stream SERVERCLIENT stream

A Fixed Data Rate Network Bandwidth Stream

What is Streaming (continued) Unicasting – one to one Multicasting – one to many

Streaming Media Video Audio PowerPoint Flash/Shockwave VR 3D

Formats at PSU QuickTime Real Media Windows Media IBM VideoCharger

Not all media on the web streams Download Any server. Any file. Plays when done.

Not all media on the web streams Download Any server. Any file. Plays when done. Fast start/progressive download Any server. Some files. Plays after a while.

Not all media on the web streams Download Any server. Any file. Plays when done. Fast start/progressive download Any server. Some files. Plays after a while. Streaming Some servers. Some files. Plays right away.

Streaming Media Files Media files are HUGE

What’s the size of your pipe? Modem (89%) ISDN Cable/DSL LAN Source: Internet.com April

A Few Basics Media files are HUGE Processing makes them SMALL

Reduce the Screen Size 320x x120

Reduce the Frame Rate TV = fps Film = 24 fps Computer = ? fps

Reduce the Frame Rate (continued) Low MotionHigh Motion fps5-15 fps

Compression JPEGTIFF 34K237K

Compression (continued) Non-lossy compression (GIF) Lossy compression (JPEG)

Compression DECompression CODECs are the algorithms that compress and decompress the media

Popular Codecs Real Advanced Streaming Format Cinepak Sorenson MPEG 1, 2, 4, 7, MP3 PureVoice Qdesign Music ETC

How video compression works ? Frame 1 Frame 2

Preparing Media for Compression Shoot tighter shots Minimize camera movements such as zooms and pans Try to shoot against plain backgrounds with little activity Always use a tripod for steady shots Turn auto focus off, this avoids unintended focusing

Preparing Media (continued) Try to use a high-quality tape format such as MiniDV, S- VHS or Hi8 Use new tapes to avoid glitches, dropouts, and other image degradation Record in a quiet environment with little or no background noise if possible Use high-quality recording equipment to minimize noise

Creating Video for Streaming at PSU Prepare video DV Cameras at Media Tech: Digitize and edit video CAC/CETS Digital Video Editing Seminars: cac.psu.edu/trainingcac.psu.edu/training Software: iMovie, Adobe Premiere, Media Cleaner

Creating Video (continued) Where to digitize and edit video CAC Multimedia Labs- Pollock Library, 302 Patterson, 107 Rackley Faculty appointment in the Faculty Multimedia Center : cac.psu.edu/fmc cac.psu.edu/fmc Encode video for CAC/CETS Streaming Server: cac.psu.edu/streaming/specs.htm cac.psu.edu/streaming/specs.htm

Creating Video (continued) Upload video Save to Firewire, Web/FTP site, JAZ, Zip Sign FMC Copyright Waiver Serve video Web page Play video QuickTime Player Examples: cac.psu.edu/streaming/examples.htmcac.psu.edu/streaming/examples.htm

Streaming Service CAC/CETS Streaming Services Website ets.cac.psu.edu/projects/streaming/www/index.htm