CH. 13; SECT. 1 STD: 2.6 The Fight For the West

Stage Set for Conflict Many diff. Native American nations make up the plains Indians Buffalo  Main source of food  Clothing  Shoes  Tepees Moved from place to place to follow the buffalo  Did not settle down on land  Believed land could not be owned  American settlers wanted to own it

Cont. Until 1850s- U.S. government simply moved Native Amer. Farther west 1850s on- U.S. gov’t began taking N.A. land and sending them to reservations  Goal: to destroy power of plains Indians  Allow settlers on land  KILL THE BUFFALO

Indian Wars As settlers moved onto the Plains, there were more and more conflicts with the Plains Indians group of Cheyenne raided nearby ranches  U.S. Army got trust of the Cheyenne  Then… led surprise attack call the Sand Creek Massacre  Killed 150 Cheyenne women, children, and elderly people

Cont. Battle of Little Bighorn  Led by Sitting Bull  Thousands of Native Amer. Fought U.S. Army  George Armstrong Custer Army commander He and his troops killed Ghost Dance  Native American religious movement  Gave hope to believers  Whites thought it meant an Indian uprising was coming

Cont. Wounded Knee Massacre  U.S. Army went to arrest Sitting Bull  Fighting broke out  Colonel James Forsyth led soldiers in killing about 300 Sioux men, women, and children

Resistance Ends in the West Pacific Northwest  Chief Joseph led the Nez Perce  1863 US gov’t took back most of reservation land  Nez Perce fled to Canada  Forced to surrender less than 40 miles from border Southwest  Apache Leader Geronimo  Led raids along the Arizona-Mexico border Caught a few years later

Life on the Reservations Americanization  US gov’t policy to end Native Americans way of life Bureau of Indian Affairs ran the reservations  Sent Native Amer. Children to far-away schools  Could only speak English  Could not wear traditional clothing Dawes Act  Divided reservations into smaller plots  Best land was sold  Native Americans got poor lands  Could not farm land bc they could not afford the animals and supplies they needed

Closure Battle of litte Big Horn J une Place each event into the timeline above. Use the month and year to help you determine where to place each event. Battle of little Big Horn Battle of Palo Duro Canyon Final Capture of Geronimo Ghost dance movement begins Relocation of Nez Perce Sand Creek Massacre Wounded Knee Massacre Second Treaty of Fort Laramie