Civil Rights Movement We will be developing an understanding of: The growth in the Civil Rights movement. The beliefs of Martin Luther King Jnr.

Growth of Civil Rights post- WWII/Why did it grow after WWII O Impact of the Second World War e.g. USA fighting against a violent racist regime abroad while violent racism flourished in the southern states O Experience of black soldiers from the south who witnessed integration abroad O Actions of early campaigners e.g. Phillip Randolph, Core (1942) O The existence of Jim Crow laws in the southern states O Effects of segregation – e.g. schools, transport, restaurants O Concern at other inequalities faced by Black Americans eg low wages, poor housing O Refusal of State governments to desegregate following Brown v Topeka judgement O Continuance of lynching O North/South divide become more obvious after 1945

O You will complete the Facebook Profile of Martin Luther King by using the information provided in this PowerPoint.

O Born as Michael Luther King on January 15, 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia. He later changed his name to Martin. O His parents were: Alberta Williams King and Reverend Martin Luther King Sr.

O King married Coretta Scott on June 18, 1953 O They had four children: O Yolanda Denise (17 Nov. 1955) O Martin Luther III (23 Oct. 1957) O Dexter Scott (30 Jan. 1961) O Bernice Alberine (28 March 1963)

O King attended segregated public schools in Georgia O He graduated from high school at the age of 15 O In 1948 he graduated from Morehouse College with a B.A. degree in Sociology and in 1951 he was awarded a B.D. (Bachelor of Divinity). O In 1955, King received a Doctorate in Systematic Theology from Boston University.

When studying at University, King attended a lecture on Gandhi. King admired Gandhi’s non- violence campaign and success against the British government.

O King protested against racial segregation and discrimination of blacks in the Southern States. O His methods of non-violent direct action were supported by many people and so the campaign for equality turned into a mass movement. O The movement achieved two great victories: O The Civil Rights Act of 1964 O The Voting Rights Act of 1965

O In December 1964, at the age of 35, Dr. King was the youngest man, the second American and the third black man awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. O He declared that every penny of the $ 54,000 would be used in the ongoing civil rights struggle.

O On the evening of April 4, 1968, while standing on the balcony of his motel room in Memphis, Tennessee, where he was to lead a protest march in sympathy with striking garbage workers of that city, he was assassinated by James Earl Ray.

" King became not only the symbolic leader of American blacks but also a world figure.“

‘I have a Dream…’

Explain the reasons why the Civil Rights Movement grew after WWI. (5)

Aims of non-violent Civil Rights Movement led by MLK. O Main aim to achieve equal rights for blacks. O End segregation on buses, schools, restaurants etc. in the Southern States. O End discrimination against blacks in employment, housing etc. O To gain for all black people the right to register and vote without fear of threats and violence. O End racist violence and lynchings by the Ku Klux Klan. O Build mass support from blacks (and whites), for non-violent protest. O To gain publicity for the unfair treatment of blacks and shame whites into giving blacks civil rights & gain support from political parties. O To improve the poor social and economic conditions suffered by many black Americans.