1. Voices of the Movement

2. Divided Voices Martin Luther King Jr. Martin Luther King Jr. –Non-violent resistance Malcolm X Malcolm X –Violent resistance

3. Martin Luther King Jr.

4. Born in Atlanta, Georgia Born in Atlanta, Georgia Attended segregated public schools Attended segregated public schools Son of a Reverend Son of a Reverend Becomes a pastor in 1954 Becomes a pastor in 1954 Inspired by Gandhi’s non-violent activism Inspired by Gandhi’s non-violent activism

5. Philosophy: Philosophy: –End racial segregation and discrimination through civil disobedience and other non-violent means. Becomes a reformer Becomes a reformer –What does that mean? –He takes action to change society for the better.

6. Actions Helped organize: Helped organize: –Montgomery Bus Boycott –Sit-ins –Desegregation of Birmingham 1957-1968 King traveled over six million miles and spoke over 2,500 times. 1957-1968 King traveled over six million miles and spoke over 2,500 times.

7. Challenges

8. March on Washington (1963) March on Washington (1963) –Crowd of over 250,000 people –“I have a dream” speech –Appealed for peace and racial harmony Time Magazine Man of the Year (1963) Time Magazine Man of the Year (1963) Received the Nobel Peace prize at age 35 Received the Nobel Peace prize at age 35 Accomplishments

9. MLK Assassinated April 4, 1968 April 4, 1968 –King is shot and killed at motel in Memphis, Tennessee –Led to riots in over one-hundred cities –James Earl Ray charged with murder

10. Malcolm X

11. Born in Omaha, Nebraska as Malcolm Little Born in Omaha, Nebraska as Malcolm Little Father was a Baptist minister and a civil rights activist Father was a Baptist minister and a civil rights activist He is found mutilated He is found mutilated Mother is placed in a mental institution Mother is placed in a mental institution Malcolm has run-ins with the law Malcolm has run-ins with the law Changes his name to Malcolm X Changes his name to Malcolm X

12. Beliefs Joins the Nation of Islam Joins the Nation of Islam –Aimed to improve the lives of African Americans Philosophy: Black superiority and separatism from whites Philosophy: Black superiority and separatism from whites Use any means necessary to protect themselves Use any means necessary to protect themselves

13. Appealed to African-Americans who felt progress was too slow. Appealed to African-Americans who felt progress was too slow. Criticized Martin Luther King Jr. and his followers Criticized Martin Luther King Jr. and his followers “If you think we are here to tell you to love the white man, you have come to the wrong place.” “If you think we are here to tell you to love the white man, you have come to the wrong place.”

14. Malcolm X Assassinated Breaks away from Nation of Islam Breaks away from Nation of Islam February 21, 1965 February 21, 1965 –Shot and killed in Manhattan Ballroom –Three charged with his murder