Depressive And Bipolar Disorders Psychology

Mood disorders  Characterized by significant and chronic disruption in mood is the predominant symptom, causing impaired cognitive, behavioral, and physical functioning.  Depression: “the common cold” of psychological disorders.  Characterized by significant and chronic disruption in mood is the predominant symptom, causing impaired cognitive, behavioral, and physical functioning.  Depression: “the common cold” of psychological disorders.

Major Depressive Disorder Severe depression Can last for a couple of weeks to a matter of months. Severe depression Can last for a couple of weeks to a matter of months.

Symptoms of Major Depression (copy one example) Emotional  Feelings of sadness, hopelessness, guilt, emptiness.  Feeling emotionally disconnected from others  Turning away from other people Emotional  Feelings of sadness, hopelessness, guilt, emptiness.  Feeling emotionally disconnected from others  Turning away from other people

Symptoms of M.D. (copy one example) Behavioral  Dejected facial expression  Makes less eye contact  Slowed movements  Spontaneous episodes of crying  Withdrawal from social activities Behavioral  Dejected facial expression  Makes less eye contact  Slowed movements  Spontaneous episodes of crying  Withdrawal from social activities

Symptoms of M.D. (copy one example) Cognitive symptoms  Difficulty thinking and remembering  Global negativity and pessimism  Suicidal thoughts or preoccupation w/ death Cognitive symptoms  Difficulty thinking and remembering  Global negativity and pessimism  Suicidal thoughts or preoccupation w/ death

Symptoms of M.D. (copy one example) Physical  Significant weight loss or gain  Insomnia or oversleeping  Vague but chronic aches and pains  Loss of physical and mental energy  Global feelings of anxiety Physical  Significant weight loss or gain  Insomnia or oversleeping  Vague but chronic aches and pains  Loss of physical and mental energy  Global feelings of anxiety

To be diagnosed with M.D.  The person must display most of the symptoms described for two weeks or longer.

Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia)  Depressed mood that occurs for most of the day, for most days, over a 2-year period.  (1 year for children and teens)  Moderate depression “low spirits”  Depressed mood that occurs for most of the day, for most days, over a 2-year period.  (1 year for children and teens)  Moderate depression “low spirits”

Symptoms of Persistent Depressive Disorder  Feelings of inadequacy  Generalized loss of interest  Social withdrawal  Sleep, appetite, and weight change  Feelings of inadequacy  Generalized loss of interest  Social withdrawal  Sleep, appetite, and weight change

Bipolar and related Disorders

Mania Disorder Mood disorder involving extreme agitation, restlessness, rapid speech, and trouble concentrating. Impacts mood and physical activity.

Speech problem  Flight of Ideas: a confused state in which thoughts and speech go in all directions with no unifying concept.

Typical Behavior  They can get so excited that they begin to have delusions.  Ex. Special powers or great influence  They can get so excited that they begin to have delusions.  Ex. Special powers or great influence

Bipolar Disorder  A mood disorder involving high and low moods. Experience the swings b/w the ups of Mania and the downs of Major Depression.

B.D.  Manic episode occurs and then an episode of major depression.  Typically, the person in the midst of a manic episode does not recognize what is happening to himself.  Manic episodes can also include FLIGHT OF IDEAS  Manic episode occurs and then an episode of major depression.  Typically, the person in the midst of a manic episode does not recognize what is happening to himself.  Manic episodes can also include FLIGHT OF IDEAS

Prevalence and treatment  Annually, 2 million Americans  Treatment: Medication (Lithium) and psychotherapy.  Annually, 2 million Americans  Treatment: Medication (Lithium) and psychotherapy.

End of Presentation

4 types of Bipolar  1.substance/medication-induced bipolar  2.Bipolar due to another medical condition  3.Other specified bipolar  4.Unspecified bipolar  1.substance/medication-induced bipolar  2.Bipolar due to another medical condition  3.Other specified bipolar  4.Unspecified bipolar