He chose 12 sailors sick with scurvy and gave each pair either: a quart of cider a day; a medicine containing the acid, vitriol, three times a day; a spoonful of vinegar three times a day; a half pint of sea water every day; an orange and a lemon every day; one pill containing garlic, mustard seed, balsam and myrrh every day. He observed the sailors every day for a week. 8A2 Vitamins and minerals Who was James Lind? In 1746 he investigated a cure for scurvy aboard HMS Salisbury. Only the sailors given citrus fruits showed any improvements.

All about vitamins Oily fish, milk, butter, eggs RicketsAbsorbing calcium and making bones D Oranges, lemons, tomatoes, blackcurrants ScurvyCell processes, absorbing iron C Whole-grain cereals, yeast, nuts, egg, liver, peas, beans Beri-beriHealthy nerves, release of energy from cells B1 Milk, cheese, oily fish, carrots, dark green vegetables Night-blindnessVision, healthy skinA What foods contain it? Deficiency disease What is it used for?Vitamin

Liver, meat, eggs, cereals, apricots, spinach, cocoa AnaemiaIn red blood cells, releasing energy Iron Cheese, milk, sardines, chocolate, bread, spinach RicketsBones, teeth, nerve cells Calcium What foods contain it? Deficiency disease What is it used for? Mineral All about minerals

FG Hopkins fed some rats on a diet of protein, carbohydrate and fat. To some he also gave a small amount of milk each day. Here is a graph of his results: Who was FG Hopkins?

RDAs of vitamins and minerals (in milligrams, mg) Vitamin A0.8 Vitamin B1 1.4 Vitamin C60 Vitamin D0.05 Calcium800 Iron14 RDAs of vitamins and minerals Do you know what RDA means? Recommended daily allowance

rickets anaemia cereals beri-beri oranges carrots scurvyliver night-blindnessmilk Match the deficiency disease to the food that will prevent it. Click to reveal the answers. Deficiency diseases