The Themes of Life

Biological Systems  Parts work together resulting in a functional system.

Biological Systems  Joints, muscles, brain and blood vessels = hand typing

Biological Systems How is a sports team a system?

Cellular Basis of Life  All living things are made of one or more cells.

Cellular Basis of Life UNICELLULAR – one cell

Cellular Basis of Life MULTICELLULAR – many cells

Cellular Basis of Life  Cell (neuron) >

Cellular Basis of Life  Tissues (nerve tissue) >

Cellular Basis of Life  Organ (brain) >

Cellular Basis of Life  Organ system (nervous system)

Form and Function How something works is related to its structure.

Form and Function 1.Aerodynamic shape > glide through the air 2.Honeycomb bones > strong but lightweight 3.Long extensions of nerve cells > coordinate flying movements

Form and Function Scooping fish from the water PELLICAN POUCH USED TO SCOOP

Form and Function Eating large prey GOLDEN EAGLE HOOKED FOR TEARING PREY

Form and Function Cracking seeds EVENING GROSBEAK SHORT, HEAVY & POWERFUL

Form and Function Eating nectar from a flower HUMMING- BIRD LONG & SLENDER FOR PROBING

Form and Function Catching insects in flight BARN SWALLOW SHORT, OPENS WIDE, CLOSES QUICKLY

Form and Function Probing mud for invertebrates GODWIT LONG, PINCHING, SENSITIVE TIP

Form and Function Eating insects taken from dead trees WOOD- PECKER STRONG & CHISEL-LIKE

Reproduction & Inheritance  Organisms reproduce their own kind

Reproduction & Inheritance  Genes (made of DNA) control traits and are passed down from parents.

Reproduction & Inheritance SEXUAL REPRODUCTION 1.EGG AND SPERM NECESSARY 2.CAN BE FROM THE SAME ORGANISM 3.DOES NOT REQUIRE “SEX”

Reproduction & Inheritance ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION Regeneration

Reproduction & Inheritance ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION Budding

Reproduction & Inheritance ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION Binary Fission

Interact with Environment (Response)  Organisms constantly sense and respond to a changing environment.

Interact with Environment (Response)  Plant takes water, nutrients, carbon dioxide and energy >> makes food  Releases oxygen, roots break up rocks, release acids, other organisms eat plants…

Interact with Environment (Response)

Energy and Life  Light energy comes from the Sun > converted to different forms of energy > used to do work > lost in the form of heat

Energy and Life HETEROTROPH

AUTOTROPH

Regulation / Homeostasis  Ability of organisms to regulate their internal environment to keep it in a “steady state”  BALANCE

Regulation / Homeostasis Panting and sweating maintain temperature homeostasis

Regulation / Homeostasis GLUCOSE BALANCE Increase in blood sugar is sensed by the pancreas which releases insulin. Insulin allows the cells to take in sugar and store extra for later.

Adaptation & Evolution  Adaptation: Inherited trait that helps the organism survive and reproduce in its environment.  Organisms are BORN with adaptations.

Adaptation & Evolution  Natural Selection: nature automatically allows organisms with certain traits to survive

Adaptation & Evolution  Evolution: process of change…change in the proportion of inherited genes in a population

Adaptation & Evolution What is your example of natural selection?

Barnacles