3. Vocabulary 9/16 – homeostasis 9/17 – stimulus 9/18 - hydra I can …. 9/16 – describe a behavioral adaptation of an owl 9/17 – name the kingdom yeast belong 9/18 – describe why yeast makes bread rise

4. 2007-2008 Properties of Life What characteristics do living creatures have in common?

5. Living(BIOTIC) - organisms must have all 7 characteristics of life(living and dead). Nonliving(ABIOTIC) - things do not have all 7 characteristics. Dead – organism once had the 7 characteristics of life but now doesn’t. It is Considered to be LIVING!!!!

6. How would you know if this is living?

7. Roles in Ecosystem 1.Decomposer – break down plant material. 2.Parasite – Infect plants and animals(ringworm). 3.Animal disease 4.Lichens – Mutualistic relationship between a photsynthetic organism and a fungus. Plant makes the energy and fungus breaks down the nutrients in the environment and they share.

8. All living things share some basic properties. Cellular Organization Cellular Organization Reproduction Reproduction Metabolism (Obtain and Use Energy) Metabolism (Obtain and Use Energy) Homeostasis Homeostasis Heredity Heredity Responsiveness Responsiveness Growth and Development Growth and Development Adapt Through Evolution Adapt Through Evolution

9. Unicellular Organisms Entire organism is made up of one single cell Entire organism is made up of one single cell Bacteria and protists Bacteria and protists Smallest unit capable of all life functions

10. Multicellular Organisms The organism is made up of many cells The organism is made up of many cells Cells have specialized functions within the organism Cells have specialized functions within the organism

11. Eukaryotic Cell

12. Unicellular – one celled

13. Multi-cellular

14. In multi-cellular organisms, the cells specialize to perform specific functions(bone cells, skin cells, muscle cells, root cells, leaf cells). Smooth muscle Nerve cellLeaf cell Red Blood Cell Yeast cell

15. Eukaryotic vs. Prokaryotic Eukaryotic – Contains a nuclear membrane around their DNA. All kingdoms except archaebacteria and eubacteria!!!! Prokaryotic – No nuclear membrane – all bacteria

16. Prokaryotic Cell

17. Reproduction is the process of producing new organisms of the same type Asexual Reproduction A single parent organism reproducing by itself A single parent organism reproducing by itself

18. Asexual Reproduction – NO joining of sperm and egg!!!!

19. Sexual reproduction – combination of sperm and egg

20. Sexual Reproduction Two different parent organisms contribute genetic information Two different parent organisms contribute genetic information Involves the combination of male and female sex cells Involves the combination of male and female sex cells

21. Living organisms need energy to grow, develop, repair damage, and reproduce

22. Autotrophs(producers) – use the Sun’s energy to make glucose!! Produce their own food!

23. Photosynthesis – process where plants convert Sun’s energy and carbon dioxide into glucose

24. Heterotrophs(consumers) – must consumer food for energy!

25. A stable state of conditions in the body that are necessary for life Body temperature Body temperature Blood volume Blood volume pH balance pH balance Water balance Water balance

26. Homeostasis Your body maintains a constant internal and external physical and chemical conditions. Everything is happy!! Goldilocks – Just Right!!!

27. Homeostasis Dogs pant, you run a fever, sweat, or shiver, cell membranes control amount of water and waste in and out of cell, ETC

28. Genes carry hereditary information Genes are composed of DNA Heredity is the reason children resemble their parents Mutations change DNA code and can be passed from generation to generation

29. Organisms react to stimuli: Light Light Temperature Temperature Odor Odor Sound Sound Gravity Gravity Heat Heat Water Water Pressure Pressure An example is a plant’s leaves and stems growing toward light

30. ALL LIVING THINGS RESPOND TO A STIMULI Living things respond to immediate and long-term changes in their environment(shiver when cold, change fur color, bend toward light).

31. Stimulus – something in organism’s environment that causes a response

32. Growth means to get bigger in size

33. ALL LIVING THINGS GROW AND DEVELOP To grow means to get bigger and to get bigger; more cells must be added. To increase numbers of cells, cell division must occur. Develop means to change into an adult(mature).

34. Development involves a change in the physical form or physiological make-up of an organism

35. Development - mature

36. Adaptation A process that enables organisms to become better suited to their environment A process that enables organisms to become better suited to their environment Species obtain adaptations through evolution over great periods of time Species obtain adaptations through evolution over great periods of time

37. ALL LIVING THINGS CHANGE TO FIT THEIR ENVIRONMENT(ADAPT) Organisms must adapt to their changing environment or become extinct. Adaptations occur over a very long period of time(millions of years).

38. Adaptation – Inherited trait that is passed from parent to offspring that helps an organism survive in its environment

39. An Example of Adaptation Desert plants have succulent waxy leaves and stems to store water and reduce water loss

40. ALL LIVING THINGS HAVE DNA. DNA provides instructions for making molecules called proteins. Proteins build cells. DNA carries the genetic material from parent to offspring(heredity).

41. DNA – molecule that stores genetic information