Muscles of the Foot, Ankle, Lower Leg

Gastrocnemius Origin Medial head medial femoral condyle; Lateral head lateral condyle Insertion the Achilles tendon, inserting on the middle 1/3 of the posterior calcaneal surface Action Powerful plantar flexor of ankle InnervationTibial nerve (S1, S2)

Gastrocnemius-medial head

Gastrocnemius-lateral head

Aponeurosis of Gastrocnemius

Soleus Origin fibular head, Insertion Achilles tendon, inserting on the middle 1/3 of the posterior calcaneal surface Action Powerful plantar flexor of ankle Innervation Tibial nerve (S1, S2)

Soleus

Plantaris Origin supracondylar line of distal femur Insertion Middle 1/3 of the posterior calcaneal surface, just medial to Achilles tendon Action Plantar flexor of ankle; also flexes knee Innervation Tibial nerve (L5, S1, S2)

Plantaris

Achilles Tendon

Tibialis Posterior Origin medial fibula, Insertion 2 superficial slip inserts on the tuberosity of the navicular bone; deeper slip plantar sufraces of metatarsals and second cuneiform Action Principal invertor of foot Innervation Tibial nerve (L4, L5)

Tibialis Posterior

Flexor Digitorum Longus Origin Posterior surface of tibia Insertion Splits into four slips these slips then insert on plantar surface of bases of 2nd - 5th distal phalanges Action Flexes toes 2 - 5; also helps inversion of ankle Innervation Tibial nerve

Flexor Digitorum Longus

Flexor Hallucis Longus Origin Inferior 2/3 of posterior surface of fibula, Insertion Plantar surface of base of distal phalanx of great toe Action Flexes great toe, helps to invert ankle Innervation Tibial nerve

Flexor Hallucis Longus

Tibialis Anterior Origin Lateral condyle of tibia, Insertion 1st cuneiform and on base of first metatarsal Action Dorsiflexor of ankle Innervation Deep peroneal nerve (L4, L5, S1)

Tibialis Anterior -origin

Tibialis Anterior

Extensor Hallucis Longus Origin Anterior fibula and the interosseous membrane Insertion Base and dorsal center of distal phalanx of great toe Action Extends great toe and dorsiflexes ankle Innervation Deep peroneal nerve (L4, L5, S1)

Extensor Hallucis Longus

Origin head of fibula, Insertion Splits into 4 tendon slips each of which insert on middle and distal phalanges Action Extend toes and dorsiflexes ankle Innervation Deep peroneal nerve (L4, L5, S1) Extensor Digitorum Longus

Peroneus Tertius Origin fibular shaft surface Insertion base of the fifth metatarsal Action evert the foot Innervation Deep peroneal nerve

Peroneus Tertius

Peroneus Brevis Origin Inferior 2/3 of lateral fibular surface; Insertion Base of 5th metatarsal base Action Everts foot Innervation Superficial peroneal nerve

Peroneus Brevis

Peroneus Brevis-insertion

Peroneus Brevis

Peroneus Longus Origin Head of fibula, Insertion 1st metatarsal base Action Everts foot Innervation Superficial peroneal nerve

Peroneus Longus