1. The Ankle

2. Ouch!!! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FFyxSaYqwtY

3. Ankle Range of Motion
Dorsiflexion
Plantar Flexion

5. Inversion
Eversion

7. Degrees of Motion Dorsiflexion = Plantar Flexion = Inversion =
Eversion =

8. The purpose of an ankle taping is to reduce ROM at the ankle
The purpose of an ankle taping is to reduce ROM at the ankle. While taping, the athlete should maintain the ankle in a dorsiflexed position.

9. Components of a Basic Ankle Taping
Anchors around base of calf and midfoot
Stirrups with horseshoes
Figure 8’s
Heel Locks

10. Skeletal Anatomy
26 bones
Phalanges – 14
Metatarsals – 5
Tarsals – 7

11. Tibia
Distal portion is called the medial malleolus
Fibula
Distal portion is called the lateral malleolus

12. Why is it easier to invert ankle than evert the ankle?

13. Joints of the Foot and Ankle
1. Talocrural (crural = leg)
- formed between talus, fibula, and tibia
- sight of plantar flexion and dorsiflexion
Subtalar (below the talus)
- sight of inversion and eversion
Tarsometatarsal
Metatarsalphalangeal (MP)
Interphalangeal (IP)

15. Ankle Ligaments Lateral Ligaments 1. Anterior Talofibular Lig (ATF)
Connects fibula to talus
2. Calcaneofibular Lig (CF)
Connects fibula to calcaneus
3. Posterior Talofibular Lig (PTF)

16. Medial Ankle
1. Deltoid Ligament
composed of 4 parts

17. Muscles of the Lower Leg
4 compartments
Anterior
Dorsiflex foot
Extend toes up
Lateral
Evert Foot
Plantar Flexion
Posterior
Deep Posterior
Invert Foot
Flex toes (curl)

18. Muscles of the Leg and Ankle
Anterior Compartment
Contains the muscles that
1) dorsiflex the ankle
2) extend the toes
Tibialis Anterior – ankle dorsiflexion and inversion
Extensor Hallucis Longus – extends big toe and dorsiflexes ankle
Extensor Digitorum Longus – extends toes 2 – 5 and dorsiflexes ankle
Hallucis – refers to big toe

19. Extensor Longus Muscles

20. Lateral Compartment Contains muscles that perform eversion of foot
Peroneus Longus –
ankle eversion and plantar flexion
aka Fibularis Longus
Peroneus Brevis –
aka Fibularis Brevis
These muscles are on the lateral side of the leg & are posterior to the lateral malleolus. This causes PLANTAR FLEXION.

21. Peroneus Longus
Peroneus Brevis

22. Superficial Posterior Compartment
Contains muscles that plantar flex ankle
Gastrocnemius – powerful plantar flexor (Calf Muscle)
Soleus – powerful plantar flexor
Lower and underneath the Gastrocnemius
Both muscles share the Achilles Tendon and insert into the Calcaneus
- Achilles is the largest tendon in the body and can withstand 1000 pounds of force

24. Deep Posterior Compartment
muscles that perform inversion of the foot and flex the toes
Flexor Hallucis Longus – flexes big toe, weak plantar flexor
Flexor Digitorum Longus – flexes toes 2 – 5, and weak plantar flexor
Tibialis Posterior – main inverter of foot, ankle plantar flexion

26. No Anterior Muscles from this view
Lateral
Deep Posterior
Superficial Posterior
No Anterior Muscles from this view