Wave Properties & E-M Spectrum Sound and Light. Wave Basics Key Vocab. -Amplitude: The maximum displacement of a wave from equillibrium (height of a wave)

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Presentation transcript:

Wave Properties & E-M Spectrum Sound and Light

Wave Basics Key Vocab. -Amplitude: The maximum displacement of a wave from equillibrium (height of a wave) -Wavelength: The length of one full wave cycle or repetition -Period: The amount of time it takes a wave to complete one full cycle -Frequency: The number of wave vibrations/repetitions per second (Hz) -Equilibrium: The resting place of a wave with no disturbance -Crest: The highest point or peak of a wave -Trough: The lowest point or bottom of a wave Crest Trough Line of Equilibrium

Wave Types A wave is a traveling disturbance that transfers energy. 2 Types of Waves: –Transverse: side to side wave sending vibration perpendicular to the medium –Longitudinal: push & pull wave sending vibration parallel to the medium Parallel Vibration Perpendicular Vibration Direction of Energy

Transverse Waves Transverse Examples: These waves can travel without a MEDIUM! –Ocean Waves –All Electromagnetic Radiation (comes from sun) Radio Waves Microwaves Infrared (heat waves) Visible Light UV Rays X-rays Gamma Rays –The only difference between all EM wave types is a change in wavelength, frequency and energy.

E-M Spectrum

Longitudinal Waves Longitudinal Examples: These waves REQUIRE a MEDIUM to travel! –Sound Waves Cannot travel in space (no medium/matter) Change in amplitude = volume Change in wavelength = pitch

Standing Waves A wave that remains in constant position. This is also related to the concept of resonance.

Standing Waves A wave that remains in constant position. This is also related to the concept of resonance. Fundamental Harmonic 2nd Harmonic 3rd Harmonic 4th Harmonic

Standing Waves Node: quiet part of a standing wave Anti-node: loud part of a standing wave Node Anti-Node

Frequency Relationships (velocity of waves) = (wavelength) x (freq.) –As wavelength gets smaller frequency goes up –As wavelength gets bigger frequency goes down –As velocity gets higher, frequency goes up –As velocity gets lower, frequency goes down