1 Microcontrollers Class : 4 th Semister E&C and EEE Subject Code: 06ES42 Chapter : UNIT 1-1 Date : 8 th Feb 2010 D R Subramanyam

2 Where all Microprocessors/Microcontrollers used?

3 Where all Microprocessors/Microcontrollers used? Home, Automotive, Communication/ Telecom, Medical, Office, Transport, Railways, Retail, Energy / Power Industrial, Defence, Space, Aerospace,

4 Where all Microprocessors/Microcontrollers Used at Home ?

5 Microprocessors/Microcontrollers used at Home? Video

6 Where all Microprocessors/Microcontrollers Used in Automotive segment ?

7 Microprocessors/Microcontrollers used in Automotive segment Video

8 Where all Microprocessors/Microcontrollers Used in Telecom ?

Walkie – Talkie Pager Mobile Phone PDA Fixed telephone Telecommunication Applications

10 Where all Microprocessors/Microcontrollers Used in Medical?

Medical Applications EEG ECG MRI Ultra sound scanner X-RAY Generator Defabrilators Infusion Pump BP Monitor CT Scanner Ventilators Bed side Monitoring Point of Care devices Blood Sugar Level Monitor

12 Where all Microprocessors/Microcontrollers Used in Offices ?

13 Microprocessors/Microcontrollers used in Offices? Phone FAX Scanner Photo copier Computers networking devices Attendance recording Security Gadgets

14 Where all Microprocessors/Microcontrollers Used in Transport Sectors ?

15 Microprocessors/Microcontrollers used in Transport Sector? GPS Tracking Traffic signaling Display boards Toll Collection Gadjets Security / survelence

16

17 Where all Microprocessors/Microcontrollers Used in Railways ?

18 Microprocessors/Microcontrollers used in Railways? GPS Tracking Traffic signaling Display boards Track Maintenace Air conditioning public announcement systems Security / survelence

19 Where all Microprocessors/Microcontrollers Used in Retail ?

20 Microprocessors/Microcontrollers used in Retail Sector? RFID, POS, Security/ surveillance, Bar code readers, weighing, Public Announcement systems, Internet Kiosks

21 Where all Microprocessors/Microcontrollers Used in Energy / Power ?

22 Microprocessors/Microcontrollers used in Energy / power Sector? Energy meters, Remote meter reading,

23 Where all Microprocessors/Microcontrollers Used in Industries ?

24 Microprocessors/Microcontrollers used in Industries? PLCs, Robots, Security/ surveillance, Bar code readers, weighing, Public Announcement systems,

25 Where all Microprocessors/Microcontrollers Used in Defence, Space, aerospace sectors ?

Applications in Defense & Space

27 Who manufactures Microprocessors/Microcontrollers

MP/MC Manufacturers

MP/MC History Intel 4004 MP-world’s first MP(1971) 2300 transistors Intel 8008Mp Intel’s ATOM Intel 8080 Intel 8085 Intel 8086(16 bit MP) Intel 80186(16 Bit MP) Intel 80386(32 Bit MP) Intel Pentium 4 Intel’s 8031Intel’s 8051 ATOM processor has 47 Million transistors, on a space less than 26square mm 8086 processor has transistors, has 275,000 Transistors Intel 80286(32 Bit MP) ATTINY10 PIC MCs

Moore’s Law Dr. Gordon E. Moore co- founded Intel in His observation that number of transistors doubled every 2 years became known as “ Moore ’ s Law ”

MP/MC Packages Intel’s ATOM-BGA Package Pentium III-BGA package Intel pin DIP Intel 4004 MP-world’s first MP(1971) 2300 transistors(16 Pin DIP)

Different IC Packages (Continued)

33 Let us take an example from applications what we discussed sofar

34 What is a Microprocessor Microprocessor is a

35 Microprocessors General-purpose microprocessor CPU for Computers No RAM, ROM, I/O on CPU chip itself Example ： Intel’s x86, Motorola’s 680x0 CPU General- Purpose Micro- processor RAMROM I/O Port Timer Serial COM Port Data Bus Address Bus General-Purpose Microprocessor System Many chips on mother’s board

36 What is a Microcontroller ? Microcontroller is a

37 Microcontroller: A smaller computer On-chip RAM, ROM, I/O ports... Example ： Motorola ’ s 6811, Intel ’ s 8051, Zilog ’ s Z8X and PIC 16X RAM ROM I/O Port Timer Serial COM Port Microcontroller CPU A single chip

38 What is the difference between Microprocessors and Microcontroller

39 Microprocessor vs Microcontroller Microprocessor CPU is stand-alone, RAM, ROM, I/O, timer are separate designer can decide on the amount of ROM, RAM and I/O ports. expensive versatility general-purpose Microcontroller CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O and timer are all on a single chip fix amount of on-chip ROM, RAM, I/O ports for applications in which cost, power and space are critical single-purpose

40 MP/MC Architecture RISC CISC Harvard Von Newmann

41 RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computing Processor)

42 CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computing Processors) Numerous Instruction Group Numerous Addressing Modes Microcoded Instructions Microcontrollers and Microprocessors are CISC based. DSP’s are closer to RISC.

43 Von Newmann architecture

44 Description

45 Harvard Architecture

SLN Technologies Pvt. Ltd47 VME Single Board Computer (SBC) based on PPC 7447A Processor

48 Thank You