Year 12 – Optional Theme E Leisure, Sport and Tourism – Lesson 3

 What are the long term patterns of tourism?  What are the short term patterns of tourism?  What factors can influence these patterns? Key Question today is… What sub-questions do we need to consider to answer the key question?

 Key points:  What is the main pattern?  Break down to different scales (at least 2 areas).  Use number evidence in your writing.

 1950 = 25 million tourist arrivals  1990 = 455million tourist arrivals  2000 = 682 million tourist arrivals  2007 = almost 900 million tourist arrivals  2011 = 938 million tourist arrivals  Predicted 130% increase in number of international tourists ( )  Europe continues to receive the greatest share  Preferences are however shifting towards Asia-Pacific, Africa and the Middle East  MEDC top destinations – France, Spain, USA, Italy  LEDCs with well developed tourist industries – Brazil, China, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mexico, Morocco, Thailand, Tunisia

RankCountryRegion International Tourist Arrivals (2012 International Tourist Arrivals (2011) Change (2011 to 2012) Change (2010 to 2011( 1 FranceEurope83.0 million81.6 million1.80%5.00% 2 USANorth America67.0 million62.7 million6.80%4.90% 3 ChinaAsia57.7 million57.6 million0.30%3.40% 4 SpainEurope57.7 million56.2 million2.70%6.60% 5 ItalyEurope46.4 million46.1 million0.50%5.70% 6 TurkeyEurope35.7 million34.7 million3.00%10.50% 7 GermanyEurope30.4 million28.4 million7.30%5.50% 8 United KingdomEurope29.3 million -0.10%3.60% 9 RussiaEurope25.7 million22.7 million13.40%11.90% 10 MalaysiaAsia25.0 million24.7 million1.30%0.60%

 Primary tourist/recreational resources:  the pre ‑ existing attractions for tourism or recreation (that is, those not built specifically for the purpose), including climate, scenery, wildlife, indigenous people, cultural and heritage sites.  Secondary tourist/ recreational resources  include accommodation, catering, entertainment and shopping.  These have been built specifically for the purpose

Tourist attractions at the destination Tourist deterrents at the destination ClimateHazards LandscapePolitical unrest CultureDisease SportExchange rate

1. Choose two MEDCs from the list below and two LEDCS – suggest reasons why each of your four chosen countries has a large share of the world’s tourism market. 2. Explain why international tourism has grown so much since  Answer in note form only.  Use your notes and p in Planet Geography to help you. MEDCs with a large share of the world’s tourism market LEDCs with a large share of the world’s tourism market FranceCanadaBrazilMalaysia SpainPolandChinaMexico USAAustriaEgyptMorocco ItalyGermanyIndiaThailand UKRussiaIndonesiaTunisia

 A number of factors affect international tourism, either positively as attractions, or negatively, as deterrents (shocks).  The effect of shocks may be short term or long term.  Tourism may also change in the short term because of changing ‘fashions’ in tourism, e.g. Demand for new and exotic experiences grows over time, mass tourism has lost favour with the more affluent who are bored with the “sun, sea, sand” experience and due to the growing concern of the detrimental impacts it is having on the destinations – so more specialised “niche” tourism has evolved.

 Study the graph, which shows economic growth (GDP) and international tourist arrivals  Answer the questions on your worksheet