INTRODUCTION TO PETROLEUM WHAT IS PETROLEUM ???? –A mixture of gaseous, liquid, and solid HYDROCARBONS HYDROCARBON ???? –Very large molecules made up entirely of carbon and hydrogen atoms

A SOURCE OF ENERGY A FUEL OF GREATER ENERGY CONTENT MORE ENERGY THAN COAL EASIER TO TRANSPORT EASIER TO UTILIZE IN INDUSTRY GASOLINE FOR CARS

WHAT IS IT USED FOR.. MOSTLY FUELS FOR TRANSPORTATION AND HEATING –Transportation is 95% dependent PRODUCTS OF ALL TYPES ARE MADE FROM PETROLEUM

MINING FOR OIL SINCE PETROLEUM IS DEEP IN THE GROUND –AND A LIQUID TO BOOT AN OIL WELL MUST BE USED TO DRILL INTO THE GROUND –THE PETROLEUM IS THEN PUMPED OUT THROUGH A PIPE THE PETROLEUM IS MEASURED BY –THE BARREL A BARREL HOLDS 42 U.S. GALLONS

SO WHAT DO YOU DO WITH IT WHEN IT COMES FROM THE GROUND –KNOWN AS CRUDE OIL –CRUDE OIL IS THE BASIC PETROLEUM MATERIAL WHAT DO YOU DO WITH SOMETHING (OR SOME ONE) THAT IS CRUDE –YOU REFINE IT (OR THEM)

REFINING OF CRUDE OIL A PROCESS CALLED –FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION SEPARATES CRUDE OIL INTO –MANY DIFFERENT PETROLEUM PRODUCTS FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION –BREAKS LARGE HYDROCARBON MOLECULES INTO SMALLER ONES

WHAT CAN YOU MAKE ALL TYPES OF USEFUL PRODUCTS –PLASTICS –RUBBER –PAINT –DYES –MEDICINES –MOST CLOTHING ITEMS –POLAR FLEECE –THOUSANDS MORE

GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION MIDDLE EAST VENEZUELA NORTH SEA UNITED STATES MEXICO CANADA RUSSIA

OUR OWN COUNTRY TEXAS OKALAHOMA COLORADO GULF OF MEXICO ALASKA CALIFORNIA ALASKA COASTAL REGIONS THE LARGEST OIL FIELD IN THE U.S. IS… –THE NORTH SLOPE, ALASKA

X 15,129,000 BARRELS HOW MUCH DO WE USE DURING A TYPICAL DAY THE U. S. USES –15,129,000 BARRELS OF OIL; THAT EQUALS = ________________ GALLONS HOWEVER, THE U.S. WILL PRODUCE ONLY –5,801,000 BARRELS OF PETROLEUM IN A TYPICAL DAY SO, WHERE DOES ALL THE EXTRA COME FROM ,418,000.0

IMPORTS AND A LOT OF THEM –9,338,000 BARRELS OF THEM IN 2001 FROM WHERE –THE TOP IMPORTING COUNTRIES ARE CANADA SAUDI ARABIA VENEZUELA MEXICO

HOW IS IT TRANSPORTED TRUCK PIPELINE TRAIN SHIP WHY NOT AIRPLANE

WHAT ABOUT A RESERVE, JUST IN CASE THE STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE –IS USED TO SUPPLY THE COUNTRY IF IMPORTS CUT OFF OR HARD TO GET –ABOUT A 50 DAY SUPPLY ABOUT 544,000,000 BARRELS –STORED IN VARIOUS PLACES AROUND THE COUNTRY –LAST USED AFTER HURRICANE KATRINA

HOW DOES SUPPLY AFFECT COST A DECREASE OF ABOUT MILLION BARRELS –WOULD INCREASE COST ABOUT 10 CENTS A GALLON

HOW LONG IS IT GOING TO LAST NO ONE REALLY KNOWS, BUT... ESTIMATES FOR WORLD SUPPLIES –ABOUT 40 MORE YEARS –SOME EXPERTS THINK SHORTAGES WILL BE APPARENT BY 2010 FOR THE U.S. –IN 4 TO 10 YEARS WE MAY HAVE TO RELY ON TOTALLY IMPORTED PETROLEUM