GEORGIA’S RECONSTRUCTION

ATLANTA Replaced Milledgeville as Georgia’s capital in 1868 and was rebuilt after nearly being burned to the ground. Was named Atlanta in 1842 after being called Marthasville.

BLACK CODES A set of laws passed by Georgia, and most southern states, after the Civil War to restrict the rights of the freedmen

CARPETBAGGERS Northerners who moved to the South after the Civil War carrying all their possessions in a bag made of carpet material

SCALAWAGS Southerners who supported Republicans during Reconstruction

DISCRIMINATION Unfair treatment of a person or group because of prejudice

SAVANNAH Became the major port for exporting cotton during Reconstruction

Lincoln’s Plan: Who would be pardoned? All Southerner’s except for high-ranking Confederate military and political leaders What steps did states have to take? 10% of the voting population of each state would have to sign an oath of loyalty States had to outlaw slavery What amendments were made to the Constitution? None Who would be pardoned? All Southerner’s except for high-ranking Confederate military and political leaders What steps did states have to take? 10% of the voting population of each state would have to sign an oath of loyalty States had to outlaw slavery What amendments were made to the Constitution? None

Lincoln’s Assassination John Wilkes Booth assassinates President Lincoln on April 14, This event turns public opinion towards a more difficult path for Southern Reconstruction.

Johnson’s Plan: Who would be pardoned? All Southerner’s except those worth more than $20,000 or were high-ranking Confederate officials. What steps did states have to take? Approve the 13th amendment Declare their ordinance of secession invalid Promise not to repay war debts What amendments were made to the Constitution? 13th Amendment- abolished slavery and made it illegal Who would be pardoned? All Southerner’s except those worth more than $20,000 or were high-ranking Confederate officials. What steps did states have to take? Approve the 13th amendment Declare their ordinance of secession invalid Promise not to repay war debts What amendments were made to the Constitution? 13th Amendment- abolished slavery and made it illegal

Congress’s Plan: Who would be pardoned? N/A What steps did states have to take? Ratify the 14th and 15th amendments to the Constitution If the states refused to ratify the amendments they were placed under military rule. What amendments were made to the Constitution? 14th Amendment- gave former slaves full citizenship 15th Amendment- gave former slaves the right to vote Who would be pardoned? N/A What steps did states have to take? Ratify the 14th and 15th amendments to the Constitution If the states refused to ratify the amendments they were placed under military rule. What amendments were made to the Constitution? 14th Amendment- gave former slaves full citizenship 15th Amendment- gave former slaves the right to vote

Reconstruction Plans: Northerners believed that Lincoln was being too lenient on the South because he was willing to pardon military leaders. Radical Republicans wanted to punish the former Confederate states for starting the Civil war. The Republican Congress was angered by Johnson’s plan and tried to impeach him. Northerners believed that Lincoln was being too lenient on the South because he was willing to pardon military leaders. Radical Republicans wanted to punish the former Confederate states for starting the Civil war. The Republican Congress was angered by Johnson’s plan and tried to impeach him.

GEORGIA ACT Returned Georgia to military rule and required the state to ratify the 15th Amendment

Freedman’s Bureau The purpose of the Freedman’s Bureau was to help former slaves adjust to their new lives. The Freedman’s Bureau helped former slaves by giving them clothing and food. The Freedman’s Bureau helped create contracts between landowners and former slaves. The purpose of the Freedman’s Bureau was to help former slaves adjust to their new lives. The Freedman’s Bureau helped former slaves by giving them clothing and food. The Freedman’s Bureau helped create contracts between landowners and former slaves.

The Civil War Amendments THIRTEENTH AMENDMENT Constitutional amendment that made slavery illegal FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT Granted citizenship to the former slaves and forbade the states from denying anyone the “equal protection of the law” FIFTEENTH AMENDMENT Ratified in 1870, it extended the right to vote to all males THIRTEENTH AMENDMENT Constitutional amendment that made slavery illegal FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT Granted citizenship to the former slaves and forbade the states from denying anyone the “equal protection of the law” FIFTEENTH AMENDMENT Ratified in 1870, it extended the right to vote to all males

Henry McNeal Turner and Black Legislators Newly registered African American voters helped elect Henry McNeal Turner to be Georgia’s first African American state legislator. Tunis Campbell would be the first African- American from Georgia to be a U.S. Senator. Newly registered African American voters helped elect Henry McNeal Turner to be Georgia’s first African American state legislator. Tunis Campbell would be the first African- American from Georgia to be a U.S. Senator.

KU KLUX KLAN Georgia lawmakers wanted to pass state laws that restricted the rights of African Americans. Not allowed serve as jurors Could not testify against whites in court Limited the voting rights of African Americans Segregation: separating the races. The goal of the Ku Klux Klan was to use violence and intimidation to restrict African American rights Georgia lawmakers wanted to pass state laws that restricted the rights of African Americans. Not allowed serve as jurors Could not testify against whites in court Limited the voting rights of African Americans Segregation: separating the races. The goal of the Ku Klux Klan was to use violence and intimidation to restrict African American rights

SHARECROPPER Former slaves gave the white landowner a share of the harvest in exchange for land to farm, a house, fertilizer, tools, animals, and seeds

TENANT FARMER Worked the land of a landowner in exchange for cash or an agreed-upon share of the harvest Tenant farmers usually owned some agricultural equipment and animals Worked the land of a landowner in exchange for cash or an agreed-upon share of the harvest Tenant farmers usually owned some agricultural equipment and animals