Early Steps to Reunion Early Steps to Reunion 1. If you were a northerner, how would you view the south upon the end of the war & Lincoln’s assassination? 2. How did Lincoln’s assassination lead to further conflict?

…In the North… ,000 soldiers are out of a job 2. Government cancels all war orders from factories now that Civil War is over – So people weren’t being hired/ re-hired 3. More soldiers died (higher population)

…In the South… 1. Houses, roads, barns & bridges are burned 2. 2/3 of railroad track have been destroyed 3. Confederate $$ is now worthless – Think…there’s no more confederacy! – Southerners are now starting from scratch – Southern banks close because $$ holds no value

Freedmen Men & women in the South who had been slaves before the end of the Civil War BEFORE: no land, property, education, $$ or skills NOW:…????

Reconstruction The rebuilding of the south Lincoln – wants to make it easy for southerners to rejoin the now United States – The sooner they join = higher national population!

The Ten Percent Plan (1863) Lincoln Generous “Southern states could help to form a new gov’t” IF: – 10% of voters swear an oath of loyalty to the US – Abolished slavery Voters could elect congress members to take part in creating a national gov’t

Amnesty: Government pardon to confederates who swore loyalty to the union EXCEPT: Former Confederacy leaders The Ten Percent Plan (1863)

Wade Davis Bill (1864) Congress Alternative to 10% Plan Strict “Southern states could help to form a new gov’t” IF: – Majority of white men in South swear loyalty to Union – Denied votes or leadership roles to anyone who had fought in the confederacy Lincoln DOES NOT sign….too harsh!

Freedmen’s Bureau Established 1 month before the end of the war Provides help for former slaves & poor whites – Food – Clothing – Jobs – Education (schools!....huge!) – Medical care – Change the future of a race

Lincoln’s Assassination National grief & panic VP Andrew Johnson becomes president – Had been Tennessee congressman – His state seceded – He remains loyal to the Union

Johnson’s Plan for Reconstruction 1.Majority of voters in each southern state must pledge loyalty to the US 2.Each state must adopt 13 th amendment -Banning slavery in the entire nation -Written in 1865 IF YOU DID THESE THINGS, YOU COULD BE ELECTED TO JOIN CONGRESS Sounds peachy, right?.....

….The Beef…. No southern states wanted blacks to have the right to vote Only whites, then, would become congress members Friction between the new southern congress members, and the old northern members This causes friction, in general, between the president, and congress

What do you see? What does this make Andrew Johnson Look like?... What’s the point in analyzing political cartoons?

What will this mean for the people under the umbrella of “Reconstruction?....” NorthernersSoutherners Rich WhitesPoor Whites Blacks