Why is there a development gap Why is there a development gap? (or why are some Countries MEDCs and some LEDCs?)

Which country has the highest fertility rate? A. Saudi Arabia
B. Israel
C. Bangladesh

Which country has the highest fertility rate? A. Saudi Arabia
B. Israel
C. Bangladesh The answer is A - the wealthiest country, Saudi Arabia, has the highest fertility rate of 3 whereas Israel and Bangladesh have a rate of 2.6. The association of 'higher fertility with poorer country' does not fit.

What is the development gap? The gap between rich and poor countries Most commonly, the gap is thought of in terms of income / economics It also has social, environmental and even political aspects

Consider 2 countries… Norway has the highest HDI in the world, Sierra Leone the lowest…. The ‘gap’ is about poverty, quality of life, and opportunity NORWAY SIERRA LEONE HDI 0.94 0.17 PPP Income $ 30,065 560 Life Expectancy 78 48 Food intake (cal/day) 3244 1694 Adult literacy 100 66

What are the reasons for the development gap What are the reasons for the development gap? List as many as you can think of……

Climate & Physical Geog All LLEDCs found in tropics – location for severe drought, Hurricanes etc. Africa’s Geography is N/S – Eurasia is E/W – this means that historically easier for new technologies to spread in Europe as all one climate zone Many LLEDCs landlocked

Slavery & Colonialism An estimated 12 Million slaves were taken from west Africa – mostly young women and men i.e. economically active Slaves then forced to work on European farms etc in new world. The slave trade became so profitable that many other forms of industry were abandonded by Africans

Trade blocs and protectionism Trade Blocs such as EU and USA have import tariffs – these are often higher on processed goods rather than raw materials – EU has a 15% Tariff on Chocolate but 0% on cocoa beans Most MEDC farmers are highly subsidised In 2000 the average EU cow received over $900 in subsidies

Which countries are the lest developed in the world? The Human Development Index ranks countries development based on multiple factors such as literacy rate, people per doctor, Gross Domestic Product (the value of everything of worth in a country) and others. Use the following link and find the countries in the world with the lowest HDI scores: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_Human_Development_Index Click on at least two of these countries and make notes on why they have struggled to develop (think of what you have been shown so far).

Using geog 3 page 18-19 Read all of the information and answer question 2 and 3.

Homework….. Essay 1- 2 pages Why is there a development gap? (or why are some Countries MEDCs and some LEDCs?) Success criteria….. Answer the question! Include and range of reasons (try and categorise as social, economic, environmental and political) Include development indicators Include diagrams/images/graphs to illustrate your ideas (annotated)