President William McKinley- Open Door Policy(Boxer Rebellion) KEAURA SHEKAYLYN DAVIS 12/8/14 HONORS U.S. HISTORY CLASS

Compelling Question  What does ‘Open Door Policy’ mean?  Who did invent Open Door Policy?  Why did this person invent Open Door Policy?  What was the Boxer Rebellion?  Why was the Boxer Rebellion important?

What does ‘Open Door Policy’ mean?  The Open Door Policy is a foreign affairs used to refer to the United States policy in the late 19th century and early 20th century  Dispatched in 1899 to his European counterparts. The policy proposed to keep China open to trade with all countries on an equal basis  No international power would have total control of the country. The policy called foreign powers, within their spheres of influence, to avoid from interfering with any treaty port or any vested interest.  To permit Chinese authorities to collect tariffs on an equal basis, and to show no favors to their own nationals in the matter of harbor dues or railroad charges.

Who did invent it?  President McKinley was concerned about the potential threat to American interests in China  He refuse to accept both British start for joint action and the business interests demanding a more determined policy.  He moved to action by arguments about the importance of China in the world balance of power as expressed by imperialist ideologues such as Brooks Adams and Alfred Mahan  Secretary of State John Hay invented the Open Door Policy in the late 19th century and early 20th century.

President William McKinley Secretary of State John Hay

Why did John Hay invent the Open Door Policy?  The policy proposed to keep China open to trade with all countries on an equal basis  The protection of equal privileges with countries trading with China and to support of Chinese territorial and administrative unity.  British and American China experts, Alfred E. Hippisley and William W. Rockhill believed that their countries’ economic interests in China would be protected and promoted by a formal agreement with the European powers on the principle of keep an Open Door for trade and commercial activity.

What was the Boxer Rebellion?  In 1898, groups of peasants in northern China started to band together into a secret society, I-ho ch'üan ("Righteous and Harmonious Fists"), called the "Boxers" by Western press. Members of the secret society practiced boxing and callisthenic rituals which they believed would make them unaffected by bullets.  By the end of the 19th century, the Western powers and Japan forced China’s ruling Qing dynasty to accept foreign control over the country’s economic affairs.

Why was the Boxer Rebellion important?  The Boxer Rebellion was important because it showed how weak the Imperial Qing dynasty in China really was. The importance of the rebellion was that it threaten the end of Imperial rule in China, which became a Republic in  The British had been trading with China, in the result of the opium war, the Chinese were trying to stop the British from giving them opium but they were lost.  The British had greater control of china's trade and forced the Chinese to trade opium, and then the Chinese hated and tried to get rid of.  The Boxer Rebellion brought China to a higher position not as weak in Europe's eyes as the country used to be.

Cite Sources     policy policy  building/essays/open-door-policy-and-boxer-war-us-and-china building/essays/open-door-policy-and-boxer-war-us-and-china

Quiz  What does ‘Open Door Policy’ mean?  Who did invent Open Door Policy?  Why did this person invent Open Door Policy?  What was the Boxer Rebellion?  Why was the Boxer Rebellion important?