3.  16 th century – Portuguese traded for silk and tea  Portuguese followed by the Dutch and English

4.  18 th century › Chinese believe that they are superior to the Europeans. › Manchus began restricting Europeans – missionaries and traders. Only trading for silver. › Porcelain & Silk

5.  China unwilling to trade for resources frustrates Britain.  Britain no longer wants to give up all of their silver they decided to illegally trade Opium in China.  British brought opium from India to Canton › Many Chinese became addicts

6.  Chinese emperor forbade opium imports › War between British and Chinese

7.  Chinese emperor forbade opium imports British › War between British and Chinese  Treaty of Nanking (1842) 1. Additional British ports in China 2. British control over Hong Kong 3. China had to pay an indemnity 4. China limited to 5% tariff

8.  Explain to your partner if you think Europeans were justified fighting the Opium War. Why or Why Not

9.  Belgium, France, Holland (Netherlands), Portugal, Prussia (Germany), United States  Spheres of influence › Exclusive trading areas  Extraterritoriality › Tried in their own courts and under their own laws (Exempt from Chinese Law)

10.  Also known as the Arrow War  Results 1. More Chinese ports opened up to European trade 2. Opium traffic legalized 3. Protection of Christian missionaries 4. All foreign vessels could navigate the Yangtze River 5. Russia’s border extended to Amur River

12.  Explain to your partner if you think China was actually imperialized.

13.  What forms of Imperialism are present in China.

15.  Proposed by U.S. Secretary of State John Hay (1899)  Fear that China would be carved up between imperialist powers  Left China’s independence and territory intact  All nations could trade equally in China  Endorsed internationally › But not always strictly followed

16.  Chinese people resented foreign influence and power  Order of the Patriotic Harmonious Fists › Called “Boxers” by Westerners › Demanded that foreigners leave China › Killed circa 300 western religious figures and vandalized foreign property  European imperialists, Americans, and Japanese put down the rebellion  China paid $333,000,000 in damages and had to permit military forces in Peking (Beijing) and Tientsin

18.  Sun Yat-sen (Sun Yixian) › Founded Kuomintang (Nationalist party)  Overthrew Manchu (Qing) dynasty  Established a republic  President of Chinese Republic who succeeded him – Yuan Shih-k’ai Kuomintang symbol

20. Create a license plate for a European driving in China during this time and a Chinese man driving in China during the late 1800’s and early 1900’s.