Deviance and Social Control Michael Itagaki Sociology 101
What is Deviance? Deviance is a violation of norms Norms = standards of behavior Values Norms Deviance is a social construct Socially defined, depends on circumstances Deviance is relative
What is Deviance? Definitions of deviance change from culture to culture Tiwi in Australia—treating elderly Crime in U.S. vs. Tiwi “custom”
What is Deviance? Definitions of deviance change with time What are some things that have changed between deviant & non-deviant over time? Divorce, cohabitation, interracial marriage, abortion, birth control
What is Deviance? Definitions of deviance change with time Tatoos
What is Deviance? Who or what is labeled as deviant depends on power Conflict perspective Cigarette smoking in restaurants Non-smoking in So. Cal. Smoking in Oklahoma
What is Deviance? Who or what is labeled as deviant depends on power Conflict perspective Ivan Boesky William J. Rummel
What is Deviance? Those with power shape laws and determine what is labeled as deviant Justice system treats people differently based upon social class and race White-collar crime Corporate crime
Competing Explanations of Deviance Psychology Look for explanations within individual Personality disorders Sociology Look for explanations outside individual Social influences
Functionalism and Deviance Deviance has a purpose Clarifies rules Builds solidarity Warns something is wrong Brings about social change
Functionalism and Deviance Deviance has a purpose Brings about social change
Functionalism and Deviance Merton’s Strain Theory (anomie) Cultural goals Institutionalized means What happens when goals… through approved means? Strain between goals and means
Functionalism and Deviance Adapt to Strain between Goals and Means Conformity (non deviance)++ Innovation+— Ritualism—+ Retreatism—— RebellionNewNew
Symbolic Interaction and Deviance Differential Association Edwin Sutherland Deviate or conform to norms because of different groups we associate with Deviance is learned
Symbolic Interaction and Deviance Differential Association Associations with significant others… who define some behavior favorably The frequency of associations The duration of associations.
Symbolic Interaction and Deviance Control Theory Reckless, Hirschi Inner controls Outer controls Stronger bonds with society, more effective inner controls.
Symbolic Interaction and Deviance Control Theory Social Bonds Attachment Commitment Involvement Belief