Welcome Back! Counselling Level Three Week 14 Assignment Workshop (including Harvard Referencing)

You will be invited to: Check-in with yourself and the group Understand the nature and importance of referencing Access some useful resources for referencing Practice referencing using Harvard Referencing Ask questions about the assignment and share answers and ideas Hand in your draft/plan for feedback N.B. If you wish to receive feedback on your draft/plan, then you must hand in hard copy or a copy to the tutor on or before Monday 7 th January.

Check-in

What is referencing? Why is referencing important? What is plagiarism? When do we need to reference? Which referencing style should you use? Share your knowledge and understanding with others in the group.

Referencing Referencing is an important academic skill It lets others know what research and reading you have carried out. It enables others to locate and check the sources which inform your work and opinions. It adds academic credibility to your work It helps you to avoid plagiarism (passing off another’s work as your own).

Help! You do not need to become an expert in referencing to pass the course. However, you do need to demonstrate your growing understanding of referencing and be able to use some referencing skills.

Harvard Referencing – Why use Harvard? The most frequently used system for referencing in British colleges and universities is an American one: Harvard Referencing. The Adult College, Ascentis Awarding Body and University of Cumbria all prescribe Harvard Referencing. Two really good sources for Harvard Referencing include: /1/HR_guide_RevisedDec2011.pdf

When do I need to reference my work? Whenever you have cited or quoted from a source (book, journal, radio programme, website, DVD, tutor notes…) Whenever your work or opinions have been influenced by what you have read, watched or heard. cite – when you refer to someone else’s information or ideas, but using your own words. quote – when you include someone else’s information or ideas, word for word (this needs to be in quotation marks)

How do I Reference using the Harvard System? What you include within the text What you include at the end, in your reference list and bibliography. There are two main parts to Harvard Referencing:

Reference List? Bibliography? There is some inconsistency here. Tutors and colleges will have different preferences. I prefer two lists to be presented at the end of the work: Reference List: a list of the sources cited or quoted within the text/assignment in alphabetical order by author or organisation Bibliography: a list of sources which have not been directly cited or quoted but which have contributed to the student’s understanding of the topic.

Getting Started. In order to reference your work, you need to identify and record important information about the sources used. You are strongly advised to make a record of this information as you go along. Different information is required, depending on the source e.g. a book: author/s or organisation, year of publication, title, edition, place where the work was published, name of the publisher e.g. an item on a website: author/s or organisation, year in which published/last updated or, if unavailable, the year accessed, title of the internet site, URL, date accessed by you.

Citing – using your own words to communicate the authors’ ideas In the text (the body of your assignment) you include enough information for the reader to be able to find the relevant entry in the reference list at the end: e.g. in the text: Mearns and Thorne express the view that a poor self concept is the likely consequence of frequent judgement and criticism from society and significant others. (2007 p.15) In the reference list: Mearns and Thorne (2007) Person-centred counselling in action. 3 rd edn. London: Sage.

Referencing a quotation – using the authors’ own words. In the text: Mearns and Thorne argue that: “The person who has been unlucky enough to be surrounded by those who are sharply critical and judgemental will have been forced to resort to all manner of strategies in order to achieve a modicum of approval and positive regard… …the self concept is likely to be poor” (2007:15) In the reference list: Mearns and Thorne (2007) Person-centred counselling in action. 3 rd edn. London: Sage.

Quoting from a website The following article is available via our MOODLE website. In the text: Mulhauser (2012) informs us that: “The person-centred approach views the client as their own best authority on their own experience, and it views the client as being fully capable of fulfilling their own potential for growth” Mulhauser (2012) ‘An introduction to Person-centred Counselling’. Counselling Resource. available at: centred (accessed 20th December, 2012) centred

Secondary Citations/quotations (when an author quotes or cites another author) Often, authors cite or quote for the works of other authors. Unless you are able to find the original source, then you need to acknowledge the use of a secondary source. For example: In the text: “It has been found that personal change is facilitated when the psychotherapist is what he is, when in the relationship with his client he is genuine and without front or ‘façade’. (Rogers, 1961, cited in Sanders, 2011, p. 96). In the reference list: Sanders (2011) First steps in counselling; a students companion for introductory courses. Ross-on Wyes: PCCS Books

Quoting from tutor notes. Author or tutor Year of publication (in round brackets) Title of item (in single quotation marks) Name of academic module (in italics) [on-line] Available at: URL of VLE (i.e. MOODLE) (accessed date) Example: “You do not have to become an expert to pass this course” (Wales, 2012) In reference list: Wales (2012) ‘Assignment workshop: including Harvard Referencing’. Ascentis Counselling L3 2012/13 Thursday [on-line]. Available at (accessed 2nd January 2012) - restricted access.

What to do next Think about the sources you have used for your assignment. Make a list. Use the Edge Hill Guide (on-line) to check or guide your referencing. What needs to be included in the text? What needs to be included in the bibliography?

What’s next? After the break Assessment workshop – questions and answers Before the next session General feedback will be given at the next session If you wish to have feedback on your own draft/plan, then you will need to hand in a copy (or a copy) on/before Monday 7 th. The next session Feedback/reflection on part one of the course Introduction to term 2 – Counselling approaches – theories and practise.