Classes of Matter Mixtures, Compounds, & Elements

How Do We Classify Matter? Objects are grouped based on a particular property Examples of everyday classification systems are: Library, grocery store, clothing stores, video store, Matter is classified according to makeup.

Matter Exists As:

Mixtures Matter that consists of 2 or more substances mixed together, but are not chemically combined. Each substance keeps its own specific properties. 2 types of mixtures Heterogeneous and homogeneous

Mixtures

Heterogeneous Mixtures Particles are large enough to be seen and separated. “Least” mixed mixture Examples: salad, pebbles and sand, cheeseburger, oil and vinegar, tacos

Homogeneous Mixture Particles are very small and not recognizable. “Well” mixed mixture Examples: Milk, whipped cream, toothpaste, stainless steel

Solution Type of homogeneous mixture “Best” mixed mixture Examples: Ocean water, tea, air, lemonade, antifreeze, Parts of solution are Solute and Solvent

Parts of a Solutions Solvent- part of the solution that does the dissolving Salt water - water dissolves the salt Lemonade - water dissolves lemon juice and sugar Solute- the part of the solution that gets dissolved Salt water - salt gets dissolved in water Lemonade - lemon juice and sugar get dissolved in water

Elements When all particles are alike - pure substance Elements are the simplest pure substance (cannot be broken down) Made of only one kind of material and has definite properties

Elements and Compounds

Elements and Atoms Elements are classified and listed on the Periodic Table. Chemical symbols represent the elements. (H, O,N, C, He, Ca, Na, Cl) Smallest particle of an element is an atom Atom is the basic building block of matter Atoms are made of smaller particles, and they have the properties of the element.

Compounds Compounds are pure substances that are made up of more than one element 2 or more elements chemically combined Salt, water, sugar, baking soda, CO 2,

Compounds