Matter – Anything that has mass and occupies space. Chemistry is the study of the properties of matter and how matter changes Properties of matter: ways to describe matter ex: color, texture, flammability, magnetic, etc.

Every form of matter has 2 kinds of properties physical properties chemical properties Physical property: a characteristic of a pure substance that can be observed without changing it into another substance. Ex: H 2 O freezes at 0 o C More ex: density, hardness, texture, color, if the substance dissolves in H 2 O, flexibility, heat conduction, and more!

Chemical Property: A characteristic of a pure substance that describes its ability to change into a different substance. Ex.: Flammability ~ When methane burns it combines with oxygen and forms carbon dioxide and water.

Element: A pure substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical or physical means. Atom: The basic particle from which all elements are made. Molecule: A particle made of 2 or more atoms held together by chemical bonds

Compound: A pure substance made of 2 or more elements chemically bonded. Ex.: CO 2 ~ Carbon dioxide H 2 O ~ water C 12 H 22 O 11 ~ table sugar Each of these compounds has different properties than the individual elements that make it.

Mixtures: 2 or more substances that are mixed together but not chemically combined. Ex.: soil sugar dissolved in water air (oxygen, nitrogen, & other gases) brass (copper & zinc)