NOTES: 3.2 - Density What is DENSITY and how is it determined? DENSITY = the ratio of the mass of an object to its volume Density = Mass Volume The density.

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Presentation transcript:

NOTES: Density

What is DENSITY and how is it determined? DENSITY = the ratio of the mass of an object to its volume Density = Mass Volume The density of a substance changes with temperature

Example: 38.6 g of gold was placed in a graduated cylinder and displaced 2.00 mL of water. What is the density of gold? DENSITY ==

Example: 38.6 g of gold was placed in a graduated cylinder and displaced 2.00 mL of water. What is the density of gold? DENSITY =38.6 g=19.3 g/mL 2.00 mL

Example: What is the mass of 10. mL of a liquid that has a density of 3.76 g/mL? D = m / V m = D ● V m = m = (correct # of sig. figs.)

Example: What is the mass of 10. mL of a liquid that has a density of 3.76 g/mL? D = m / V m = D ● V m = (3.76 g/mL)(10. mL) m = 37.6 g m = 38 g (correct # of sig. figs.)

EXAMPLE: The density of ethanol is g/cm 3. Calculate the volume, in liters, of a sample of ethanol that has a mass of 7.72 kg.

**mass = 7.72 kg = 7720 g D=m / V

EXAMPLE: The density of ethanol is g/cm 3. Calculate the volume, in liters, of a sample of ethanol that has a mass of 7.72 kg g/cm 3 =7720 g / V V= 7720 g =9,780 mL =9.78 L g/cm 3

NOTES: 3.3 – Dimensional Analysis

Performing these conversions is a lot like going on a road trip.

Let’s say you want to travel from Oracle Jct. to Casa Grande... You must travel through Tucson… a two part trip.

Rule: You must stay on the roads

OK…Lets talk about making maps and solving conversion problems. The method we use is called the “Factor-Label” method, a.k.a. DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS.

gallons kildurkins For example: given 1 kildurkin = 18 gallons This is our map.

gallons kildurkins For example: given 1 kildurkin = 18 gallons How many kildurkins is 14 gallons? 1 kildurkin 18 gallons 14 gallons = 0.78 kildurkins

General Format... going to coming from given

gallons kildurkins Also given: 2 farkins = 1 kildurkin farkins Let’s expand the map...

gallons kildurkins Also given: 1 hogshead = 63 gallons farkins hogshead 1 barrel = 3.3 bushels bushel barrel 1 bushel = 8 gallons

gallons kildurkins farkins hogshead bushel barrel How many hogsheads are 14 barrels? Given: Start Here Finish Here The trip will require 3 transitions 1 2 3

gallons hogshead bushel barrel How many hogsheads are 14 barrels? Given 14 barrels3.3 bushels 1 barrel 8 gallons 1 bushel 1 hogshead 63 gallons = 5.9 hogsheads

gallons kildurkins farkins hogshead bushel barrel Now you try one: How many farkins is 3.00 bushels? Start Here End Here This will require 3 conversions.

bushelsgallonskildurkins farkins 3.00 bushels 8 gallons 1 bushel 1 kildurkin 18 gallons 2 farkins 1 kildurkin = 2.67 farkins

Use dimensional analysis when converting between units. Ex: How many inches are in 1500 meters?

**Now let’s revisit the same density problem from earlier but solve it with DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS.

EXAMPLE: The density of ethanol is g/cm 3. Calculate the volume, in liters, of a sample of ethanol that has a mass of 7.72 kg.

Example: If the density of Al is 2.71 g/cm 3, what is the density of Al in kg/m 3 ?

Example: If the density of Al is 2.71 g/cm 3, what is the density of Al in kg/m 3 ?