Pregnancy & Early Development

How does life begin? Fertilization or conception Joining of the sperm and egg Takes place in the FALLOPIAN TUBE Zygote: Egg & sperm form ONE cell 3-5 days to get to UTERUS Divides into many cells on its journey

Inside the uterus Embryo: 1 st 8 wks of devt. W/in 3-5 days, attaches to uterine wall PREGNANCY now has occurred 4 early signs of pregnancy 1.A missed period 2.Positive urine or blood test 3.Tender/enlarged breasts 4.Nausea & fatigue

How a baby develops Placenta: Provides nutrients and oxygen to Removes wastes from the dev. human Umbilical cord: Connects EMBRYO to PLACENTA. Carries nutrients and oxygen to the embryo. Amniotic Sac: Fluid filled sac that develops around the embryo. Sac continues to grow as the embryo grows. Pregnancy Facts Usually lasts 40 weeks (9 months) Broken into stages of development (Trimesters)

1 st Trimester First 3 months Major growth and change Heart starts beating Arm & leg buds appear Eyes & brain begin to dev. Bones & muscles dev. Brain waves detected 9 wks.

Second Trimester 2 nd trimester Months 4-6 Organ sys. cont. to dev. 4 mos. “kick”/move Male or female known Hear & recognize sounds Hair forms Facial features Can survive if premature at this point

Third Trimester Months 7-9 Gains most of its wt. (approx. 5 lbs) 8 mos. = 20 inches Can grasp with hand

Multiple births Identical Twins ONE egg + ONE sperm Divides after fert. to form 2 zygotes Same genetic material = same sex Fraternal Twins TWO eggs + TWO sperm Most common Usually separate sexes

Miscarriage vs. Stillbirth vs. Premature Birth Miscarriage happens prior to the 20 th week of pregnancy (5 End of fifth month) Stillbirth occurs after the 20 th week of pregnancy Premature occurs before the start of the 37 th week of pregnancy Less time to devleop in womb Sometimes there are medical complications due to not fully developing Late preterm, born between 34 and 36 weeks of pregnancy Moderately preterm, born between 32 and 34 weeks of pregnancy Very preterm, born at less than 32 weeks of pregnancy Extremely preterm, born at or before 25 weeks of pregnancy Interesting Fact” Earliest is was 21 weeks five days

Types of Childbirth Natural Delivers through the vagina Cesarean section (c-section) Incision in abdomen and uterus Baby & placenta lifted out Under stress, too big, wrong position Breech “rear end” birth