2.3 Puritan New England Lesson Objective: to understand why English Puritans came to New England. Essential Question: What effects did puritan beliefs have on the formation of the colony?

Key Terms John Winthrop Puritan Massachusetts Bay Colony Roger Williams Anne Hutchinson Pequot War King Phillip’s War & Metacom

Puritan Beliefs The Puritan Dilemma: "Puritanism was a power not to be denied. It did great things for England and for America, but only by creating in the men and women it affected a tension which was at best painful and at worst unbearable. Puritanism required that a man devote his life to seeking salvation but told him he was helpless to do anything but evil.“ - Edmund Morgan in the Puritan Dilemma "Every nation or people, the Puritans believed, existed by virtue of a covenant with God, an agreement whereby they promised to abide by His laws, and He in turn agreed to treat them well." – Edmund Morgan in the Puritan Dilemma Calvinist Predetermination Focused on personal biblical experience educated

Puritan’s New England Puritans in England want to “purify” Anglican church Persecuted by King James I – they fled to Holland Known as Pilgrims today- they founded the Plymouth Colony in 1620 John Winthrop 1629 – approved for Massachusetts Bay Colony Became first governor upon arrival in 1630 Best planned expedition to date 17 ships and over 1,000 people Boston Great Migration 20,000 people

“We must be knit together in this work…we must uphold [each other]…in all meekness, gentleness, patience and liberality. We must delight in each other, make others’ conditions our own, rejoice together, mourn together, labor and suffer together… So shall we keep the unity of the spirit, in the bond of peace….Ten of us will be able to resist a thousand of our enemies. For we must consider that we shall be as a City upon a Hill, the eyes of all people are on us.” “City upon a Hill”- John Winthrop What is the Puritan’s goals by coming to New England? How does that differ from those heading to Virginia?

Puritan Life in New England No separation of Church and state Only members of the church could vote Vision of religious harmony- not political Many “sins” were made crimes Ex: not going to church Most settlers crossed with families Different then in Virginia Dissent Roger Williams- kicked out of Massachusetts for heresy Founded Providence and the Colony of Rhode Island Anne Hutchinson Banished for leading bible readings in her home and heresy Eventually fled to New Amsterdam to avoid religious persecution

John Winthrop’s Journal September 22, 1642 “The court, with advice of the elders, ordered a general fast. The occasions were, 1. The ill news we had out of England concerning the breach between the king and parliament. 2. The danger of the Indians. 3. The unseasonable weather, the rain having continued so long, viz., near a fortnight together, scarce one fair day, and much corn and hay spoiled, though indeed it proved a blessing to us, for it being with warm easterly winds, it brought the Indian corn to maturity, which otherwise would not have been ripe, and it pleased God, that so soon as the fast was agreed upon, the weather changed, and proved fair after.”

Native Americans Resist Colonial Expansion Settlers moved deeper inland- tensions mounted Land and religion Natives viewed as heathens and “agents of the devil” Pequot War Settlers and the Narragansett Indians attacked the Pequot in CT The English massacred the Pequot “…for so are we all Indians as the English are, and say brother one to another; so must we be all gone shortly.” –Miantonomo King Phillip’s War Native Americans were forced to obey Puritan laws Metacom called King Phillip by English Fought guerilla war against colonist Brutal and bloody 16 of 52 colonist towns were burned by Metacom 1/10 military age men in the colony died Eventually natives were worn down by heavy losses and surrendered Metacom’s head was displayed in Plymouth for 20 years after the war

Quiz __________ were Puritans who believed that the Anglican church could not be reformed. 2.__________ describes the movement of 20,000 people to New England between 1630 and ___________ was expelled from Massachusetts and later on went to found the colony of Rhode Island. 4.There was religious toleration in Massachusetts Bay Colony, true or false. 5.__________ was the name of the Native American Chief that the English called King Phillip.