1. Mr. Clifford Chapter 2 Section 3
Puritan New England
Mr. Clifford
Chapter 2 Section 3

2. Main Idea & Why This Matters
English Puritans came to North America beginning in 1620
The United States continues to use expanded form of representative government begun by the Puritans.
Terms & Names
Puritans
John Winthrop
Separatists
Plymouth Colony
Massachusetts Bay Colony
Roger Williams
Anne Hutchinson
Pequot War
Metacom
King Phillip’s War

3. Who are Puritans?
The Church of England was created when English monarch broke away from Roman Catholic Church
Puritans:
wanted to purify the Church of England.
Puritans did not believe in religious hierarchy since they felt ALL people could experience God in their own way.
Puritans held ministers in respect as the source of religious and moral instruction.

4. John Winthrop
Studied at Trinity College in the University of Cambridge.
Became a Puritan while in college
Grew increasingly troubled by the problems that Puritans in England were experiencing.
aimed to start a Puritan colony in North America. “A City Upon A Hill”

5. Separatists & Pilgrims
members of the Church of England who felt that reforming the Anglican Church was impossible.
Separatists formed their own churches in Europe
To escape persecution, Separatists organized a pilgrimage to New England.
In 1620, this small group of Pilgrims founded the Plymouth Colony.
The Mayflower Compact
written agreement between Separatists on board the Mayflower.
Men onboard agreed to:
Develop a government among them
Create laws that are good and to abide by them

6. Massachusetts Bay Colony
September 1630: Massachusetts Bay Colony was born and Boston would become its capital
Other towns began to form around Boston to accompany settlers flocking to the colony.
Within one year of the colony’s settlement it had:
- 17 Ships
Puritan & Non-Puritan English men, women,
& children settlers
- Eventually, the Plymouth Colony was incorporated into the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

7. City Upon a Hill (Moral Society)
“We must knit together in this work; We must uphold (each other). . . In all meekness, gentleness, patience, and liberality (generosity). We must delight in each other, make other’s conditions our own, rejoice together, mourn together, labor and suffer together So shall we keep the unity of the spirit, in the bond of peace Ten of us will be able to resist a thousand of our enemies. For we must consider that we shall be as a City upon a Hill, the eyes of all people are on us.”
(John Winthrop, A Model of Christian Charity)

8. Puritan Society Church & State Importance of Family
Puritans implemented a system of self government
Laws were based on Puritan religion
Puritan laws criminalized: drunkenness, swearing, theft, and idleness. “No person shall spend his time idly or unprofitably,” decreed the General Court in 1633, “under pain of such punishment as the court shall think meet [appropriate] to inflict.”
Importance of Family
Puritans crossed the Atlantic with their families
Puritans kept a watchful eye on the actions of their husbands, wives, and children and the community stepped in if necessary.

9. Anne Bradstreet (Story of a Puritan)
Anne Dudley Bradstreet, a Puritan woman who boarded the Arbella in 1628 in hopes of a better life in Puritan New England.
Bradstreet became America’s first English speaking poet. Her poems would provide future generations of Americans with a glimpse of Puritan life and values.
Bradstreet’s book of poetry, The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America, is regarded as one of the most important works of American literature.

10. Dissent in the Puritan Community
Puritan Government was based on the Puritan Religion.
Roger Williams:
An extreme Separatist
Believed that English settlers should purchase land from Native Americans
Believed that government officials had no business punishing settlers for their religious beliefs. (Was banned from Massachusetts Bay Colony)
Williams created the colony of Providence and guaranteed separation of church and state.
Anne Hutchinson:
Believed that people did not need the church or ministers to be read and understand the Bible.
Hutchinson was banned from Mass. Bay Colony because she would have religious discussions in her home without the approval of government.

11. Native Americans Resist Colonial Expansion
Disease & loss of land ravaged Native American clans/societies
Conflict of cultures led to intense fighting between Native Americans & early colonists.
Disputes over Land:
Native Americans believed land treaty’s were for a limited amount of time.
Pilgrims believed treaty’s were permanent
Puritans tried to convert Native Americans which led to hostility between groups
2 groups set out to destroy the other

12. Native American vs. English Colonists
The Pequot War:
- Pequot tribe stood up to the colonist and their attempt to take their land. The colonists formed an alliance with Narragansett tribe (enemies of the Pequot).
-Colonists/Narragansett surrounded the Pequot Fort, set the fort on fire, and massacred the entire tribe, (men, women, & children) 400 people in all.
- Narragansett were appalled at the savagery of the English colonists.
Pequot Fort

13. Native American vs. English Colonists continued
King Phillip’s War
Native Americans were slowly deprived of land and livelihood.
Native Americans had to abide by Puritan laws
Metacom a.k.a. King Phillip established alliances with other tribes
Spring 1675: began attacking Puritan village (Hit & Run tactics)
Disease, famine, and heavy casualties brought war to an end.
Metacom was eventually killed and his head was exhibited in Plymouth.