Post Reconstruction America
Westward Movement Era of American Cowboy
Reasons for Westward Movement Economic Opportunities in west Homestead Act –Free land out west to anyone willing to farm the land
Reasons for Westward Movement Southerners needed a new start after Civil War African- Americans moved out west to use their agricultural skills
Completion of Transcontinent al Railroad made travel out west easier
Immigration
Old Immigrants (Pre-1871) Immigrated from northern and western Europe Germany, Great Britain, Ireland, Norway, and Sweden
New Immigrants (Post- 1871) Immigrated from southern and eastern Europe Italy, Greece, Poland, Russia, and present-day Hungary and Yugoslavia As well as Asia (China and Japan).
Reasons for Immigration Seeking freedom Better lives Escaping persecution JOBS!!!!
Ellis Island Processing center in New York for new immigrants from Europe
Ellis Island Statue of Liberty first sign of freedom and America as ships entered country
Angel Island Processing center in California for immigrants entering from Asia
Contributions of Immigrants
Chinese Worked on railroads
Irish (Ireland) Worked on railroads Also worked in textile and steel mills
Italians/Slavs (Yugoslavia) Worked in Coalmines
Poles (Poland) Worked in Coalmines Worked in Clothing Industry in New York
Problems facing Immigrants
Assimilation Immigrants had trouble becoming a part of American culture –Did not speak English –Uneducated Public schools helped immigrants
Ethnic Neighborhoods City neighborhoods consisting of immigrants from the same culture Allowed immigrants to slowly learn American culture while keeping their own
Problems with Immigrants Immigrants worked for less taking jobs from Americans Americans were scared of new religions and cultures Americans didn’t trust immigrants
Limits on Immigration
Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 Put a limit on number of Chinese immigrants
Immigration Restriction Act of 1921 Ended all immigration from Europe Although immigration dramatically slowed after these acts, immigrants continued to provide valuable contributions to American life