1. US History
Immigration

2. “OlD” Immigrants (pre-1871)
Northern + Western Europe
Great Britain
Germany
Ireland
Norway
Sweden

3. Southern + Eastern Europe
“New” Immigrants ( )
Southern + Eastern Europe
Italy
Greece
Poland
Russia
Hungary
Asia
China
Japan

4. Why Go? #1--Freedom
Freedom from religious and political
oppression
These are “PUSH” factors!

5. Why Go? #2--POVERTY
Land was expensive and there were no jobs!
Again “PUSH” factors

6. Why Go…to America? #3—Jobs
America needed cheap labor!
This is a “PULL” factor!

7. Why Go…to America? #4--Family
There was already a network of family/friends!
Another “PULL” factor.

8. Immigrants Helped america’s economy grow dramatically!
The Chinese helped to build the Trans- Continental Railroad of the west!
The Irish worked in textile and steel mills in the Northeast….as well as the booming clothing industry of New York City!
Slavs, Italians and Poles worked in the coal mines of Appalachia!

9. The Journey There was a long journey… across the ocean!
There was a medical inspection!
There was a Questionnaire… in English!

10. “The Golden Door”
Ellis Island, NYC was the point of entry for Europeans.
Angel Island, SF was the point of entry for Asians.

11. The “Melting Pot” A Mixture of peoples / cultures Goal = Assimilation
Is it a “melting pot” or a “salad bowl”?

12. The “Melting Pot”
They and their children worked very hard to assimilate and become American citizens.
They learned English!
They changed their names!
The adopted customs!
The attended public schools!
They became “American”!

13. The Rise of Nativism
Despite the contributions immigrants made to “build” America there was an extreme dislike of immigrants by native born people.
They faced hardship and hostility on many occasions.

14. Nativism – Job Issues Reason #1: Immigrants work hard… For lower pay
in unsafe areas
And were often used to hurt unions

15. Nativism – Cultural Differences
Reason #2: Protestants in America had different religious views than Catholics and Jews

16. Congress takes action
The Chinese Exclusion Act ( )
The Chinese were the most hated group
This completely stopped the Chinese from coming to the US!

17. Immigration Restriction Act (1921)
Established quotas for immigration from selected countries.
Limited total immigration to 150,000 a year.

18. Cities grew to make room……

19. Rapid growth is not easy….

20. Immigrant Five Cent Lodging
Created by Katherine Lacks
Immigrant Five Cent Lodging

21. How is immigration today similar and different from that of the late 1800s?